空气簇射轴芯探测器的开发
发布时间：2019-03-10 19:46
【摘要】：人类对宇宙探索的脚步从没停留过,宇宙线的起源作为当今世界最有争议的课题之一,仍然被人们讨论着。研究膝区(1015eV-1016eV)宇宙线的成分、精确测量各单成分能谱,将可揭示膝区宇宙线的起源。 中国西藏拉萨当雄县羊八井镇,海拔4300米,对应大气的深度约为606g/cm2。原初能量处于“膝区”,宇宙线大气簇射在此处发展到极大值处。因此具有较高的测量精度。Yangbajing Air shower Core detector (YAC)拥有先进的数据分析方法,在羊八井宇宙观测站内同广延大气簇射阵列和地下缪子探测器阵列联合运行。因此能够完整无缺的记录下“膝区”宇宙线次级粒子所携带的信息,高精度地实现测量50TeV-10PeV的原初质子和氦核的单一成分能谱的物理目标。 本文着重讨论了空气簇射轴芯探测器的开发。由于YAC-Ⅱ探测器属于光纤闪烁体探测器,在轴芯探测器开发的过程中首先介绍了光纤闪烁体探测器的工作原理。在这基础上针对YAC-Ⅱ探测器的结构和开发过程进行了介绍,考虑到西藏羊八井特殊的自然环境与气候环境,本实验组采用了防漏光、防水、防腐蚀以及保温性能好的设计方案,为了更加保险起见,又对YAC-Ⅱ探测器的保护罩进行了优化处理。关于探测器内部各器件如何选择才可以满足实验要求进行了可行性分析,其中包括铅板厚度的选择,光纤闪烁体的选择,光电倍增管以及后端电子学的选择,磁屏蔽管的选择,高压线、信号线以及接头的一些性能的测试等。在可行性分析结果的基础上对各个组成部分的性能进行了测试,测试结果表明YAC-Ⅱ探测器的性能可以满足预期目标。 为了检测探测器中的光电倍增管的测量范围是否可以满足要求,本实验组利用了北京正负电子对撞机的直线加速器束流对探测器样品进行了严格的标定,其中主要包括两个不同型号的光电倍增管(R5325、R4125)的线性范围和所用闪烁体的饱和效应。实验结果证明高增益光电倍增管R4125动态范围是1个电子到上千个电子；低增益光电倍增管R5125动态范围是几百个电子到上百万个电子。这表明YAC-Ⅱ探测器可以很好的实现测量50TeV-10PeV的动态范围。 最后对YAC-Ⅰ探测器实验观测到的各个物理参量进行了分析,通过对各个物理量的分析选择出了高能轴芯事例,实验中观测到的物理参量反映了不同原初宇宙线核种的信息。这些结果对YAC-Ⅱ实验的数据分析和物理目标实现打下了基础。
[Abstract]:The origin of cosmic ray, as one of the most controversial topics in the world, is still being discussed. The origin of cosmic rays in the knee region (1015eV-1016eV) can be revealed by studying the composition of cosmic rays in the knee region and accurately measuring the energy spectra of each single component. Yangbajing Town, Dangxiong County, Lhasa, Tibet, China, 4300 meters above sea level, corresponding atmosphere depth of about 606g / cm ~ 2. The original energy is in the knee region, where cosmic ray atmospheric shower develops to a maximum. Yangbajing Air shower Core detector (YAC) has advanced data analysis methods and operates in conjunction with extensive atmospheric shower array and underground muse detector array at Yangbajing Space Observatory. Therefore, the information carried by the secondary particles in the "knee region" cosmic ray can be recorded intact, and the physical objective of measuring the single component energy spectrum of the primary proton and helium nucleus of 50TeV-10PeV can be achieved with high precision. The development of air shower shaft detector is discussed in this paper. Because the YAC- 鈪，
本文编号：2437961
[Abstract]:The origin of cosmic ray, as one of the most controversial topics in the world, is still being discussed. The origin of cosmic rays in the knee region (1015eV-1016eV) can be revealed by studying the composition of cosmic rays in the knee region and accurately measuring the energy spectra of each single component. Yangbajing Town, Dangxiong County, Lhasa, Tibet, China, 4300 meters above sea level, corresponding atmosphere depth of about 606g / cm ~ 2. The original energy is in the knee region, where cosmic ray atmospheric shower develops to a maximum. Yangbajing Air shower Core detector (YAC) has advanced data analysis methods and operates in conjunction with extensive atmospheric shower array and underground muse detector array at Yangbajing Space Observatory. Therefore, the information carried by the secondary particles in the "knee region" cosmic ray can be recorded intact, and the physical objective of measuring the single component energy spectrum of the primary proton and helium nucleus of 50TeV-10PeV can be achieved with high precision. The development of air shower shaft detector is discussed in this paper. Because the YAC- 鈪，
本文编号：2437961
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