基于基础设施辅助的车载自组织网络路由协议研究

发布时间：2017-12-28 17:25

本文关键词：基于基础设施辅助的车载自组织网络路由协议研究　出处：《昆明理工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,无线通信在移动性支持方面的发展非常快,而且车辆智能化程度大幅提高、机动车辆迅速普及以及交通系统对信息化迫切需求,车载自组织网络VANETs随之出现。以此为背景,本文对车载自组织网络(VANETs, Vehicular Ad hoc Networks)的路由协议进行了研究。车载自组网是一种多跳的无线自组织网络,可以不分时间、地点的快速构建一个车辆间的移动通信网络,网络中的各节点都可以自由移动,地位相同。VANETs可以提供协助驾驶、事故预警、分布式交通信息发布、娱乐服务和信息服务等应用。但是,在VANETs中,车辆节点移动速度快,网络拓扑结构变化频率高,导致通信链路不稳定,数据分组的传输质量和路由协议的可靠性都因此受到极大影响。而这些特点也使得传统无线移动通信网络路由协议在VANETs中不能获得较好的性能。本文通过分析国内外VANETs的研究现状以及现有的VANETs路由协议,对其进行分类,介绍每个分类中重要协议采用的思想和方法,指出各类协议性能的优劣之处以及需要解决的问题。对为乘客搭车提供服务的V2P协议进行了相应的改进,提出了新的基于基础设施辅助的Ⅳ2P(Improved vehicle-to-passenger)协议。该协议引入路边单元辅助查询符合乘客需要的车辆并转发乘客乘车需求消息,以无线和有线混合方式通信,保证了链路的稳定性和有效性,减少了数据转发的时延。本文采用C++语言对协议进行了仿真实验对比,实验场景使用了真实地图。实验主要从数据分组的成功投递率、乘客平均等待时间等方面对IV2P路由协议和V2P路由协议进行性能比较。仿真结果表明,基于基础设施辅助的IV2P路由协议既可以实现成功率更高的数据分组传输,又可以缩短乘客的等待时间。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the development of wireless communication in mobility support is very fast, and the intelligent degree of vehicles has been greatly improved, the popularity of motor vehicles and the urgent need for transportation system for information. The VANETs of vehicular ad hoc network has emerged. In this context, the routing protocol of VANETs (Vehicular Ad hoc Networks) is studied in this paper. Vehicular ad hoc network is a multi hop wireless ad hoc network. It can quickly build a mobile communication network between vehicles, regardless of time and place. All nodes in the network can move freely and have the same status. VANETs can provide assistance in driving, accident warning, distributed traffic information release, entertainment and information services. However, in VANETs, vehicle nodes move fast and the frequency of network topology changes, resulting in instability of communication links, and the quality of data packets and the reliability of routing protocols are greatly affected. These characteristics also make the traditional wireless mobile communication network routing protocol can not obtain better performance in VANETs. This paper analyzes the research status of VANETs at home and abroad and the existing VANETs routing protocols, classifies it, introduces the ideas and methods adopted in the important protocols of each classification, and points out the advantages and disadvantages of various protocols and the problems to be solved. The V2P protocol to provide services for passengers is improved accordingly, and a new 2P Improved protocol based on infrastructures is proposed. The protocol introduces the roadside unit to assist queries to meet the needs of passengers and forward passenger demand information, communicate in wireless and wired mode, ensure the stability and effectiveness of the link, and reduce the time delay of data forwarding. This paper compares the simulation experiments with the C++ language, and the experimental scene uses a real map. The experiment mainly compares the performance of the IV2P routing protocol and the V2P routing protocol in terms of the successful delivery rate of the data packet and the average waiting time of the passengers. The simulation results show that the IV2P routing protocol based on infrastructure can not only achieve data transmission with higher success rate, but also shorten the waiting time of passengers.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U463.67;TN92

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