基于ZigBee技术的智能交通系统设计与实现

发布时间：2018-01-02 01:02

本文关键词：基于ZigBee技术的智能交通系统设计与实现　出处：《东南大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着汽车工业的发展,现有的交通系统已经逐渐无法承载日益增多的私家车交通需求,尤其是在静态交通停车场智能化方面的缺陷,给城市交通带来巨大的压力。传统停车场存在停车刷卡、人工收费、车位难寻等问题。目前已经实现的智能交通系统主要面临的问题有功能单一、布线复杂、功耗大、网络拓扑固定等。低功耗、无线通信、动态组网、多功能、不停车收费和人性化成为智能停车场的主要发展方向。本文基于ZigBee技术,针对当前停车场系统存在的问题,提出了一套完整的智能交通系统解决方案,主要设计了车位检测系统和停车引导系统,同时实现了反向寻车的功能。在车位探测系统中,设计使用地磁传感和超声波测距技术共同检测车位是否被占用,保证车位探测的准确性；在停车引导系统中,设计语音基站和语音卡,语音基站通过与语音卡的无线通信,实时引导停车路线,通过语音芯片实现语音播报。基于Z-Stack协议栈对系统进行网络设计,深入分析了Z-Stack工作原理,实现ZigBee的网络通信,通过控制网络拓扑保证网络的稳定,通过第二IEEE地址增强网络的抗干扰性。对于使用电池供电的模块,考虑到功耗问题,设计了双频通信,即低频唤醒,高频通信。模块在通信距离范围之外进入睡眠模式,只在靠近基站,经过低频唤醒后进入工作模式,使用高频进行通信,在保证数据可靠通信的同时,最大限度的降低了模块功耗。最后设计了智能交通系统上位机管理软件,实现的功能包括：自动计费、反向寻车和实时监控。此外,本文研究了车牌识别算法,并将其移植到系统中,通过将车牌号与停车地磁号绑定,实现反向寻车功能。反复测试显示,该系统能可靠工作,为未来智能交通系统的实用化提供了有效的参考方案和设计实例。
[Abstract]:With the development of automobile industry, the existing traffic system has been unable to bear the increasing private car traffic demand, especially in the static traffic parking intelligent aspects of defects. Traditional parking lot has many problems such as parking card, manual charge, parking space difficult to find, etc. At present, the main problems faced by the existing intelligent transportation system are single function and complex wiring. High power consumption, fixed network topology, low power consumption, wireless communication, dynamic networking, multi-function, no parking fees and humanization become the main development direction of intelligent parking. This paper is based on ZigBee technology. Aiming at the existing problems of parking lot system, this paper puts forward a complete solution of intelligent transportation system, mainly designs the parking space detection system and parking guidance system. At the same time, the function of reverse car searching is realized. In the parking detection system, geomagnetic sensing and ultrasonic ranging technology are used to jointly detect whether the parking space is occupied or not, so as to ensure the accuracy of the parking space detection. In the parking guidance system, design voice base station and voice card, voice base station through wireless communication with voice card, real-time guide the parking route. The system is designed based on Z-Stack protocol stack. The working principle of Z-Stack is deeply analyzed and the network communication of ZigBee is realized. The stability of the network is guaranteed by controlling the network topology, and the anti-interference of the network is enhanced by the second IEEE address. For the battery-powered module, considering the problem of power consumption, a dual-frequency communication is designed, that is, low-frequency wake-up. High frequency communication. The module enters sleep mode outside the range of communication distance, only near the base station, after the low frequency wake-up into the working mode, using high frequency to communicate, while ensuring the reliable communication of data. The module power consumption is minimized. Finally, an intelligent transportation system management software is designed. The functions include automatic billing, reverse vehicle searching and real-time monitoring. In addition, the license plate recognition algorithm is studied in this paper. And it is transplanted to the system, by binding the license plate number to the stop geomagnetic number, the function of reverse vehicle tracing is realized. The repeated tests show that the system can work reliably. It provides an effective reference scheme and design example for the practical application of intelligent transportation system in the future.
【学位授予单位】：东南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TN92;U495

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