车辆网络应急信息发布机制研究

发布时间：2018-01-08 07:27

本文关键词：车辆网络应急信息发布机制研究　出处：《电子科技大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着车载通信技术的快速发展,车辆网络作为无线网络的重要形式,开始被越来越多的研究者所关注。尤其是近年来道路交通安全问题日益严峻,使得车辆网络应急信息发布机制的研究显得更有意义。在车辆网络中,应急信息的发布通常使用广播完成。实时性和可靠性是应急广播机制的两个重要指标。由于高速公路上车辆速度很高,且相邻出口较远,当前方发生交通事故时,通过应急广播机制除了可以及时提醒后方车辆减速慢行,避免连环事故外,还可用于通知后方高速公路出口处车辆及时绕道行驶,避免严重的交通拥堵。基于此类应急场景考虑,本文设计了一种适用于高速公路场景的应急广播机制。该机制将高速公路上事故车辆后方广播区域划分为紧急区、快速转发区和热点区,通过应急广播的高效中继转发策略和可靠性保障策略分别满足不同广播区域对实时性和可靠性的要求,达到有效降低连环交通事故和交通堵塞的目的。本文的主要研究成果如下:1)本文根据高速公路应急场景的特点,将应急广播报文分为LDEB和SDEB两种类型来应对不同的应急场景。然后比较有新意地将事故点后方区域划分为紧急区、快速转发区和热点区域,并分析了各个区域对应急广播的主要需求。2)本文根据紧急区、快速转发区和热点区域对应急信息实时性和可靠性的不同需求,设计了一种基于位置的高速公路应急广播机制LHEIBM,其主要包括高效的中继转发策略、可靠性保障策略和持续性广播方案,并详细设计和实现了LHEIBM的节点算法流程、协议交互流程和报文格式,来解决高速公路场景中不同程度的交通事故后可能出现的连环撞车或者交通大拥堵问题。3)本文基于NS3仿真平台,搭建了高速公路仿真场景,并设计了性能指标和仿真参数,最后通过对LHEIBM以及EDB广播机制的仿真对比,证明了LHEIBM在平均传播时延、平均中继节点数量、报文交付比率和热点区域可靠性上存在优势,可以实现高速公路应急广播的高效转发,并为局部区域提供更好的可靠性。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of vehicular communication technology, vehicle network, as an important form of wireless network, has been concerned by more and more researchers, especially in recent years, road traffic safety problem is becoming more and more serious. It makes the research of vehicle network emergency information release mechanism more meaningful. In the vehicle network. Real time and reliability are two important indicators of the emergency broadcast mechanism. Because of the high speed of the vehicle on the highway and the distance between the adjacent exits. When traffic accidents occur in the front, the emergency broadcast mechanism can not only remind the rear vehicles to slow down, avoid serial accidents, but also can be used to notify the rear highway exit vehicles to make a timely detour. Avoid heavy traffic jams. Consider such emergency scenarios. This paper designs an emergency broadcast mechanism suitable for freeway scene, which divides the rear broadcast area of the accident vehicle into emergency area, fast forwarding area and hot spot area. Through the high-efficient relay forwarding strategy and the reliability guarantee strategy of emergency broadcast, the real-time and reliability requirements of different broadcast areas are met respectively. To achieve the purpose of reducing the number of traffic accidents and traffic jams. The main research results of this paper are as follows: 1) according to the characteristics of expressway emergency scenarios. The emergency broadcast message is divided into two types: LDEB and SDEB to deal with different emergency scenarios. Then, the area behind the accident point is divided into emergency area, fast forwarding area and hot spot area. And analyzed the main needs of emergency broadcasting in each region. 2) according to the emergency area, fast forwarding area and hot spot area for the emergency information real-time and reliability of different needs. A location-based expressway emergency broadcast mechanism LHEIBM is designed, which includes efficient relay forwarding strategy, reliability guarantee strategy and continuous broadcast scheme. The node algorithm flow, protocol interaction flow and message format of LHEIBM are designed and implemented in detail. To solve the problem of serial collision or traffic congestion after different degree of traffic accidents in the freeway scene. 3) based on the NS3 simulation platform, this paper builds the highway simulation scene. The performance index and simulation parameters are designed. Finally, through the comparison of LHEIBM and EDB broadcast mechanism, the average propagation delay and the average number of relay nodes of LHEIBM are proved. There are advantages in message delivery ratio and reliability of hot spot area which can realize efficient transmission of expressway emergency broadcast and provide better reliability for local area.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U495;TN934

【共引文献】