大间距相控阵天线栅瓣抑制方法研究

发布时间：2018-01-09 07:12

本文关键词：大间距相控阵天线栅瓣抑制方法研究　出处：《电子科技大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本论文对工作在X波段内大间距相控阵天线的栅瓣抑制方法进行了研究分析。首先介绍了平面相控阵天线的栅瓣形成及规避办法,并重点讨论了大间距相控阵天线的栅瓣抑制技术。文中采用的大间距相控阵栅瓣抑制的具体方法为:1)对子阵级或者单元级进行非周期结构布阵方式优化设计,将栅瓣能量分散;2)对有限扫描相控阵天线,结合方向图相乘原理,采用高效阵列有源单元方向图压低阵列栅瓣;3)阵面子阵级不规则排布与高效馈元(或高效阵列有源单元)方向图紧密结合,栅瓣抑制效果更为显著。并以此设计了一些大间距平面阵布阵形式,这些阵列在抑制栅瓣、改善辐射性能方面取得了很好的效果。主要工作内容包括:1.对大间距非周期平面八角阵布阵法进行研究,并分析了其抑制栅瓣能力,同时阵面采用泰勒圆口径激励分布,以获得低副瓣性能。在周期阵和均匀阵的辐射特性的研究基础上,以规避栅瓣为主要目的,设计非周期八角阵的布阵形式。●采用随机优化算法,优化一种由单一子阵级组成的非周期八角阵;●采用DFP-BGFS变尺度优化算法优化等间距子阵的子阵中心位置,寻找一组子阵中心偏心分布;●结合阵列稀疏化原理和均匀阵无寄生栅瓣的辐射特性,设计了一种由多种等间距子阵组成的紧凑型八角阵,并通过高效馈元方向图抑制远区栅瓣。●研究子阵级旋转变形非周期结构阵列,设计平面阵列排布形式,分析了其栅瓣抑制能力,其中子阵级定角度旋转阵的栅瓣电平最低。2.对径向等间距排列的非周期环栅阵的栅瓣抑制能力进行研究分析。采用试探法建立了两种阵面结构模型:弧形环栅阵和梯形环栅阵,分析了其辐射特性;并且研究发现梯形环栅阵的栅瓣电平较低,出现位置距阵面法线远超出50°之外。3.对大间距非周期矩形平面阵的栅瓣抑制能力进行了研究分析。优化等间距子阵的子阵中心位置的偏心分布,设计非周期矩形布阵形式,且子阵规模越大,对寄生栅瓣的抑制越明显。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the grid-lobe suppression method of large-spacing phased array antenna working in X-band is studied and analyzed. Firstly, the gate-lobe formation and avoidance method of planar phased array antenna are introduced. The grid-lobe suppression technique of large-spacing phased array antenna is discussed in detail. The specific method of large-spacing phased array gate lobe suppression is: 1). The optimal design of the aperiodic array is carried out at the subarray level or the element level. Dispersing the energy of the gate lobe; 2) for the finite scanning phased array antenna, combining the principle of pattern multiplication, the active element pattern of high efficiency array is used to suppress the array gate lobe; 3) the irregular arrangement of face array level is closely combined with the pattern of high-efficiency feed-element (or high-efficiency array active element), and the suppression effect of grid lobe is more remarkable. Based on this, some large spacing planar array configurations are designed. These arrays have achieved good results in suppressing gate lobes and improving radiation performance. The main work includes: 1. The method of large spacing aperiodic plane octagonal array is studied, and the ability of suppressing gate lobes is analyzed. At the same time, Taylor circular aperture excitation distribution is used to obtain low sidelobe performance. Based on the study of radiation characteristics of periodic array and uniform array, the main purpose is to avoid the grating lobe. The form of aperiodic octagonal matrix is designed. A kind of aperiodic octagonal matrix composed of single subarray level is optimized by stochastic optimization algorithm. The DFP-BGFS variable scale optimization algorithm is used to optimize the center position of the subarray with equal spacing to find out the eccentric distribution of the center of a group of subarrays. Based on the principle of array sparseness and the radiation characteristics of uniform array without parasitic gate lobe, a compact octagonal array composed of multiple equidistant subarrays is designed. By using the high efficiency feed element pattern to suppress the far region gate lobe, the subarray level rotating deformed aperiodic structure array is studied, the layout of the planar array is designed, and the suppression ability of the gate lobe is analyzed. Among them, the gate lobe level of subarray level constant angle rotation array is the lowest. 2. The suppression ability of aperiodic ring grid array with radial equal spacing is studied. Two kinds of array plane structure models are established by trial method. Arc ring grid array and trapezoidal ring grid array. The radiation characteristics are analyzed. And it is found that the grid level of trapezoidal ring grid array is low. The position distance from the normal line of the array is far beyond 50 掳. 3. The suppression ability of the grid lobe of the large spacing aperiodic rectangular array is studied and analyzed. The eccentric distribution of the center of the subarray is optimized. An aperiodic rectangular array is designed, and the larger the size of the subarray is, the more obvious the suppression of the parasitic gate lobe is.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN821.8

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