基于接收信号强度后处理的传感网密钥生成方法研究

发布时间：2018-01-13 02:06

本文关键词：基于接收信号强度后处理的传感网密钥生成方法研究　出处：《西安电子科技大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,随着无线传感器网络(Wireless Sensor Network,WSN)的广泛应用,WSN网络的安全问题越来越受到学者的重视,密钥的生成是WSN网络安全中的一个重要问题,其中基于物理层无线信道特征的密钥生成方法得到了快速的发展。无线信道本身具有的空间唯一性、信道互易性、快速时变性和不可预测性这四个特征,所以随着通信双方的通信环境和空间位置的变换,利用无线信道特征提取的密钥也是在不断的更新变化的,这也就是实现了密码学中所述具有安全保密性的“一次一密”。对攻击者来说,由于和合法节点所处的空间位置的不同,攻击者提取到的信道特征与合法用户之间的信道特征的差异很大,所以攻击者想要生成与合法用户相一致的密钥是非常困难的。在基于物理层无线信道特征提取密钥的研究中常用的信道特征包括接收信号强度(Receive Signal Strength,RSS)、多径信息(幅度、相位、时延)等。本文在对基于无线信道特征提取密钥的理论基础包括电磁传播特性,信道互易性等进行了详细介绍之后,提出了以下两个内容:1.主要探讨了基于累加RSS值的随机性以及对Mathur所提出的层交互密钥生成方案的改进。Mathur在文献[1]提出的层交互密钥生成算法是基于直接测量的RSS值进行量化得到密钥,其密钥生成速率较低。本文在对累加的RSS值的随机性进行了研究之后,发现在层交互密钥中使用累加后的RSS值进行量化可以在理论上提高其密钥生成率。2.基于前面对累加RSS值的讨论,提出了物理层基于累加RSS的循环轮量化密钥提取方法。与以往密钥提取方法不同的地方在于,此方法中使用的物理信道特征是经过累加的RSS值,并且在此方法的量化阶段提出了更有效的四级循环轮量化方法。文章将此密钥生成方法部署在四种典型的真实环境中,并对密钥生成速率和密钥随机性进行了评估,评估结果显示本方法在密钥生成率方面有较大的提升。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the wide application of Wireless Sensor Network (WSNs), more and more scholars pay attention to the security of WSNs. Key generation is an important problem in WSN network security. Key generation method based on physical layer wireless channel features has been rapidly developed. Wireless channel itself has the spatial uniqueness. Because of the four characteristics of channel reciprocity, fast time variability and unpredictability, with the change of communication environment and space position of both sides, the key extracted by wireless channel feature is constantly updated and changed. This is the implementation of cryptography with the security of the confidentiality of the "one at a time," for the attacker, because of the legal node in the space position is different. The channel features extracted by attackers differ greatly from those of legitimate users. So it is very difficult for an attacker to generate a key that is consistent with a legitimate user. In the research of extracting keys based on physical layer wireless channel features, the channel features commonly used include the received signal strength (. Receive Signal Strength. RSSN, multi-path information (amplitude, phase, delay). This paper introduces the theoretical basis of key extraction based on wireless channel features, including electromagnetic propagation characteristics, channel reciprocity and so on. The following two contents are proposed: 1. The randomness based on cumulative RSS value and the improvement of layer interactive key generation scheme proposed by Mathur. Mathur are discussed in the literature. [1. The proposed layer interactive key generation algorithm is based on the directly measured RSS value to get the key, and the key generation rate is low. After the randomness of the accumulated RSS value is studied in this paper. It is found that quantization of the accumulated RSS value in the layer interactive key can improve its key generation rate in theory. 2. Based on the previous discussion on the accumulated RSS value. This paper presents a method of key extraction based on accumulative RSS in the physical layer. The difference from the previous key extraction methods is that the physical channel feature used in this method is the accumulated RSS value. In the quantization phase of this method, a more effective four-level cycle quantization method is proposed, and the key generation method is deployed in four typical real environments. The rate of key generation and the randomness of key generation are evaluated, and the results show that the method has a great improvement in key generation rate.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN918.4;TP212.9

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