微带天线及天线阵列RCS缩减研究

发布时间：2018-01-13 23:09

本文关键词：微带天线及天线阵列RCS缩减研究　出处：《北京交通大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目标的隐身性能在现代电子战中起着十分重要的作用,它是提高自身突防能力和安全性的重要因素。天线作为一种特殊的散射体,其高增益意味着它将是其载体散射的主要来源之一,因此如何降低天线系统的散射对于提高整个平台的隐身性能来说至关重要。同时,为了保证天线的正常工作,在降低天线散射的同时必须要确保天线辐射性能不受到影响,因此常规的隐身措施,例如涂覆吸波材料无法应用在天线上。本文针对微带天线及阵列天线RCS缩减技术进行了研究,提出了两种减小微带天线及天线阵列RCS的有效方法,研究了这两种方法在微带天线RCS缩减中的应用并设计了低散射的微带天线及阵列天线。研究表明,这些方法的应用不仅能够有效降低微带天线及天线阵的RCS,同时还能基本保持微带天线及天线阵的辐射性能。本论文的主要工作可以归纳为以下三点： 1.研究了矩形微带天线的基本结构和原理,根据微带天线腔模理论分析,分别研究了开槽技术和加载短路针技术对微带天线辐射性能和散射性能的影响,并将这两种方法综合运用到微带天线上,通过抑制微带天线的高次模的方式来减小其RCS,综合运用这两种方法既能够显著降低微带天线带外的RCS,又不影响天线的正常工作。 2.研究分析了共面型电磁带隙结构(UC-EBG)的特性,并利用其带阻特性和同相反射特性对微带天线的RCS进行缩减。在微带天线辐射贴片周围加载UC-EBG结构,设计了一种低散射的微带天线,并分析了入射平面波不同的极化方式情况下,加载的UC-EBG结构对微带天线单站RCS和双站RCS的影响。仿真结果显示,低散射微带天线带内的后向散射降幅达13dBsm,并且微带天线的辐射特性保持不变。这表明这种方法是一种有效减小微带天线RCS的设计方法。 3.利用UC-EBG结构对微带天线RCS缩减的研究结果,分别针对带内和带外RCS缩减,设计了两种加载UC-EBG结构的4单元微带天线阵。仿真结果显示,通过控制UC-EBG的结构尺寸,能够在微带阵列天线辐射性能基本保持不变的情况下,分别实现微带阵列天线带内和带外RCS的缩减。
[Abstract]:The stealth performance of target plays a very important role in modern electronic warfare. It is an important factor to improve its penetration ability and security. Antenna is a special scattering object. Its high gain means that it will be one of the main sources of carrier scattering, so how to reduce the scattering of antenna system is very important to improve the stealthy performance of the whole platform. In order to ensure the normal operation of the antenna, it is necessary to ensure that the antenna radiation performance is not affected while reducing the antenna scattering, so the conventional stealth measures. For example, the coated absorbing material can not be applied to the antenna. In this paper, the microstrip antenna and array antenna RCS reduction technology is studied, and two effective methods to reduce the RCS of the microstrip antenna and antenna array are proposed. The application of these two methods in RCS reduction of microstrip antenna is studied and the low scattering microstrip antenna and array antenna are designed. The application of these methods can not only effectively reduce the RCSs of microstrip antenna and antenna array, but also maintain the radiation performance of microstrip antenna and antenna array. The main work of this paper can be summarized as follows: 1. The basic structure and principle of rectangular microstrip antenna are studied. According to the theory of cavity mode of microstrip antenna, the effects of slotted technique and loaded short circuit pin technology on the radiation performance and scattering performance of microstrip antenna are studied respectively. The two methods are applied to the microstrip antenna to reduce the RCS of the microstrip antenna by suppressing the high-order mode of the microstrip antenna. The two methods can significantly reduce the RCS outside the microstrip antenna. It does not affect the normal operation of the antenna. 2. The characteristics of coplanar electromagnetic band gap structure (UC-EBG) are studied and analyzed. The RCS of microstrip antenna is reduced by using its band-stop characteristic and in-phase reflection characteristic. A low scattering microstrip antenna is designed by loading UC-EBG structure around the radiation patch of microstrip antenna. The effect of loaded UC-EBG structure on mono-static RCS and bistatic RCS of microstrip antenna is analyzed under different polarization modes of incident plane wave. The backscattering reduction in the low scattering microstrip antenna band is up to 13dBsmand the radiation characteristics of the microstrip antenna remain unchanged, which indicates that this method is an effective design method to reduce the RCS of the microstrip antenna. 3. The results of RCS reduction of microstrip antenna based on UC-EBG structure are applied to in-band and out-of-band RCS reduction, respectively. Two kinds of 4-element microstrip antenna arrays loaded with UC-EBG structure are designed. The simulation results show that the structure size of UC-EBG is controlled by controlling the structure size. When the radiation performance of the microstrip array antenna remains basically unchanged, the in-band and out-of-band RCS of the microstrip array antenna can be reduced respectively.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN822

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