水声传感器网络分簇协议的研究

发布时间：2018-01-16 17:16

本文关键词：水声传感器网络分簇协议的研究　出处：《大连海事大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着水声通信技术的发展,人们将越来越多的精力投入到对水声传感器网络的研究中。水声传感器网络结合陆地无线传感器网络技术与水声通信技术,在军用和民用方面都有着广泛的应用,如水下信息采集、海底资源探测、海水环境检测、灾难预防、目标定位、入侵检测、辅助导航等。然而,由于水声环境与陆地环境大不相同,适用于陆地无线传感器网络的一些技术或协议,不能直接应用到水声传感器网络中。另外,水声环境的高传播时延、窄带宽、多径传播等苛刻性特点,给相关技术或协议的设计带来了巨大的挑战。在水声传感器网络中,节点是由电池供电的,能量非常宝贵,而能效型分簇协议LEACH协议,既能有效地降低网络能耗,又能均衡节点间的能耗,可以有效延长网络的寿命。然而LEACH协议是针对陆地无线传感器网络提出的,并不适用于水声传感器网络。本文针对LEACH协议应用到水声环境中出现的问题及不足,提出改进方案,最终得到两个更适用于水声通信环境的分簇协议,S-LEACH协议和C-LEACH协议。本文首先对水声传感器网络的相关知识进行了阐述,包括浅海水声信道、网络拓扑、网络分层及各层相应的关键技术等。其次,描述了本文仿真实验使用的网络仿真软件NS2,并在其中搭建了水声环境平台。再次,对能效型分簇协议LEACH进行了简单的介绍,对现有的水下LEACH协议进行了综述,并分析了现有的水下LEACH存在的问题和不足,针对这些问题和不足,从节约网络能耗及延长网络寿命出发,提出了两种改进协议。然后,将LEACH协议模块添加到了NS2.28中,并在NS2.28中编写了S-LEACH、C-LEACH协议模块相关的C++和Otcl程序。最后,根据实验要求编写了仿真脚本文件,进行了仿真实验。实验结果表明,与LEACH协议相比,新提出的协议可以明显的节约网络能耗,延长网络寿命。
[Abstract]:With the development of underwater acoustic communication technology, people will devote more and more attention to the research of underwater acoustic sensor network, which combines land wireless sensor network technology and underwater acoustic communication technology. It has been widely used in military and civil fields, such as underwater information collection, submarine resource detection, seawater environment detection, disaster prevention, target location, intrusion detection, auxiliary navigation and so on. Due to the difference between underwater acoustic environment and terrestrial environment, some technologies or protocols suitable for terrestrial wireless sensor networks can not be directly applied to underwater acoustic sensor networks. In addition, the high propagation delay in underwater acoustic environment. Narrow bandwidth, multipath propagation and other harsh features bring great challenges to the design of related technologies or protocols. In underwater acoustic sensor networks, the nodes are powered by batteries, and the energy is very valuable. The energy-efficient clustering protocol (LEACH) can not only effectively reduce the network energy consumption, but also balance the energy consumption between nodes. However, LEACH protocol is proposed for terrestrial wireless sensor networks. It is not suitable for underwater acoustic sensor networks. Aiming at the problems and shortcomings of LEACH protocol applied to underwater acoustic environment, an improved scheme is proposed, and finally two clustering protocols which are more suitable for underwater acoustic communication environment are obtained. S-LEACH protocol and C-LEACH protocol. This paper first describes the relevant knowledge of underwater acoustic sensor networks, including shallow water acoustic channels, network topology, network layering and the corresponding key technologies in each layer. This paper describes the network simulation software NS2, which is used in the simulation experiment, and builds the underwater acoustic environment platform. Thirdly, the energy-efficient clustering protocol LEACH is introduced briefly. This paper summarizes the existing underwater LEACH protocols, and analyzes the problems and shortcomings of the existing underwater LEACH. Aiming at these problems and shortcomings, it starts from saving network energy consumption and prolonging the network life. Then, the LEACH protocol module is added to NS2.28, and S-LEACH is written in NS2.28. C-Leach protocol module related C and Otcl programs. Finally, according to the requirements of the experiment, the simulation script file is prepared, and the simulation experiment is carried out. The experimental results show that compared with the LEACH protocol. The proposed protocol can significantly save network energy consumption and prolong network life.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN929.3;TP212.9

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