基于PLC与视频监控的果蔬转运小车控制系统研究

发布时间：2018-01-17 18:07

本文关键词：基于PLC与视频监控的果蔬转运小车控制系统研究　出处：《南京农业大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着我国国民经济的迅速发展,城乡一体化建设的不断推进,人们日常生活中对健康新鲜的农副产品的需求日益增长。但在农产品的实际供应中,往往出现供不应求的现象,这些一方面是因为农产品年生产量有限,另一方面是因为农产品在采摘和运输当中存在着大量损耗与浪费。因此,如何更快更好的转运农产品,是农产品加工运输中需要解决的问题。这不仅需要资金的投入,也需要将工业生产中成熟的技术合理的引入到农业科学生产中来。论文提出的观点是把视频监控技术引入小车的转运中,其研究的意义是为了解放劳动力,让农业生产高效、节能。小车在视频监控下,生产变得条理、安全。可编程控制器(PLC)将传统的计算机技术和继电器控制技术、通讯技术融为一体,具有编程容易,强大的扩展能力、运行可靠性高等多种优点。适合长期连续工作,非常适合智能转运小车运用于转运农产品。本研究设计了一种基于PLC与视频监控的转运小车控制系统,通过闭环控制系统的阐述说明可编程控制器控制电机的原理与优点。实现了电机的调速控制,使小车停靠精准、行驶平稳。本文的主要研究内容有：(1)阐述国内外转运小车的研究现状,结合果蔬采摘转运的实际情况,提出采用PLC与视频监控相结合的技术,提出新的方案,完成了控制系统的设计。(2)深入研究果蔬转运保鲜无伤的特点,结合小车工作环境,给出小车的模型,并针对小车工作中的要求,重点对其控制系统进行设计,设计出软硬件结合合理的转运小车。(3)根据农用机械控制领域的特殊性,设计出以S7-200 CPU224 PLC为核心的运动控制系统,重点解决了速度闭环控制系统中变频调速的问题。(4)为保证工作的安全高效,特别添加了视频监控报警的环节,并对小车的控制电路安装了断路保护电路。(5)最后对转运小车控制系统进行了安装、调试,通过对对性能测试的结果进行分析,改进了许多不足,提出转运小车运用于农产品运输的优缺点。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's national economy and the development of urban-rural integration, the demand for healthy and fresh agricultural and sideline products is increasing day by day in people's daily life, but in the actual supply of agricultural products. Supply is often in short supply, on the one hand because of the limited annual production of agricultural products, on the other hand, there is a large loss and waste in picking and transportation of agricultural products. How to transfer agricultural products faster and better is a problem that needs to be solved in the processing and transportation of agricultural products. It is also necessary to introduce the mature technology in the industrial production into the agricultural scientific production reasonably. The viewpoint put forward in this paper is to introduce the video surveillance technology into the transshipment of the trolley, and the significance of the research is to liberate the labor force. To make agricultural production efficient, energy saving. Under video surveillance, the production of the car becomes orderly and safe. PLC (Programmable Controller) combines traditional computer technology with relay control technology and communication technology. With easy programming, strong expansion ability, high operational reliability and other advantages, suitable for long-term continuous work. It is very suitable for the intelligent transfer vehicle to be used in the transportation of agricultural products. This paper designs a control system of the transfer vehicle based on PLC and video surveillance. The principle and advantages of PLC for motor control are explained through the description of closed loop control system. The speed control of motor is realized and the car stops accurately. The main research content of this paper is: 1) expound the research status of domestic and foreign transshipment vehicles, combine the actual situation of fruit and vegetable picking and transshipment, put forward the technology of combining PLC with video surveillance. Put forward a new scheme, complete the design of control system. 2) deeply study the characteristics of fruit and vegetable transportation preservation without injury, combined with the car working environment, give the car model, and according to the requirements of the car work. Focus on the design of its control system, the design of hardware and software combined with reasonable transfer vehicle. 3) according to the particularity of agricultural machinery control field. The motion control system with S7-200 CPU224 PLC as the core is designed, and the problem of frequency conversion and speed regulation in the speed closed-loop control system is solved emphatically. In particular, the video monitoring and alarm link is added, and the control circuit of the trolley is installed with the circuit of open circuit protection. 5) finally, the control system of the transshipment trolley is installed and debugged. By analyzing the results of the performance test, many shortcomings are improved, and the advantages and disadvantages of applying the transport vehicle to the transportation of agricultural products are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：南京农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：S229.1;TN948.6

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