无线通信系统中的小型化可重构天线研究

发布时间：2018-01-18 03:14

本文关键词：无线通信系统中的小型化可重构天线研究　出处：《西安电子科技大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目前,随着无线通信技术的发展和完善,无线终端产品也越来越向高集成度、高性能、多功能方向发展,这就使得无线终端产品天线趋向于小型化、宽带、高集成度、高性能。伴随着LTE标准的发展和推广,LTE手机得到了广泛的应用和普及,这使得LTE手机天线研究成为科研工作者们新的研究热点。同时,从频段覆盖上来说,在覆盖原有2G、3G频段外还必须覆盖到4G频段,这就要求天线具有宽频带特性,这将进一步加剧手机天线的设计难度。此外,人们对于无线通信系统中通信容量、通信速度、通信安全性等诸多方面的需求不断增加,电磁波频谱也出现了严重的拥堵,频谱资源的使用受到严重的限制和制约。超宽带天线、陷波天线及可重构天线的提出在一定程度上大大提高了电磁波频谱资源的使用。本文正是基于现代无线通信系统的发展趋势和需求,对无线终端系统中小型化、多频段、可重构、高性能天线设计进行了初步尝试和研究。本文在开篇主要介绍了LTE手机天线、超宽带可重构陷波天线的研究背景和研究现状,为本文的整体设计提供了现实基础。并且简要的介绍了两款比较经典的天线形式(单极子天线和对称振子天线)以及天线的几个关键参数,这一部分作为本文的理论基础。本文主要是结合常规LTE手机天线设计方法及天线形式,创造性地设计了能够覆盖GSM850/900、DCS1800、PCS1900、UTMS2100及4G频段的小型化、宽频段、高性能的手机天线。天线尺寸大小为9mm×35mm×3mm,通过采用单极子耦合馈电、短路枝节加载、地回路利用及集总电感元件的加载实现了手机天线的宽频带、低频化特性,频段覆盖824MHz-960MHz、1710MHz-2690MHz。天线具有较好的类单极子方向图特性,并且具有良好的辐射效率,天线在低频段的辐射效率达到50%以上,在高频段达到95%以上。特别地,为了模拟手机的实际环境,仿真时在天线基板外层增加了厚度为1mm的塑料壳体(其中塑料壳体的的相对介电常数?3r?,损耗正切值?01.0tan?)。最后,对本文所提出来的天线进行了加工和测试,并且将测试结果和仿真结果进行对比分析,得到测试和仿真结果具有较好的一致性。本文研究分析了一款小型化超宽带天线,天线结构为共面波导馈电的圆盘单极子,通过在天线辐射体四周额外加载齿轮型结构,延展天线电流路径来实现天线的小型化特性。超宽带天线频段覆盖3.1-13.2GHz,整个频带内天线具有较好的驻波特性、辐射方向图稳定性等,天线的相对带宽达到了124%。在本文设计超宽带天线基础之上,结合陷波特性思想,通过在天线辐射单元上刻蚀C型槽线和加载寄生单元,使其在IEEE 802.1a(5.15-5.35GHz、5.725-5.825GHz)、HIPERLAN/2(5.15-5.35GHz、5.47-5.725GHz)、C-Band(3.7-4.2GHz)产生单频陷波特性和双频陷波特性,该天线具有较好的陷波特性。在此基础上,进一步结合可重构思想,设计了一款在5-6GHz实现频率可重构的超宽带陷波天线。本文主要采用PIN开关,通过控制开关的通断来控制结构单元的电流路径,从而实现天线的陷波频率可重构特性。本文提出的小型化、可重构、多频带、宽频带天线在无线通信系统中具有较好现实应用前景,为下一代移动通信的发展奠定了基础。
[Abstract]:At present, with the development of wireless communication technology and improvement of wireless terminal products are increasingly high degree of integration, high performance, multi direction, which makes the wireless terminal antenna products tend to miniaturization, broadband, high integration, high performance. With the development and popularization of LTE standard, LTE mobile phone to get the extensive application and popularization, which makes the research of LTE mobile phone antenna has become the hotspot of scientific research workers. At the same time, from the band coverage, coverage in the original 2G, 3G band must also cover the 4G band, which requires the antenna with broadband characteristics, which will further aggravate the difficulty of design of mobile phone antenna. In addition, the capacity of communication in a wireless communication system, communication speed, communication security and other aspects of the increasing demand, the electromagnetic spectrum also appeared serious congestion, the use of spectrum resources is severely restricted and Restricted. Ultra wideband antenna, proposed notch antenna and reconfigurable antenna to a certain extent, greatly improving the electromagnetic spectrum resources. This is the trend of development of modern wireless communication system and based on the demand of wireless terminal system miniaturization, multi band, reconfigurable, has carried on the preliminary design of high performance antenna try and research. This article mainly introduced the LTE mobile phone antenna, research background and research status of reconfigurable antenna can be ultra wideband notch, provide a realistic basis for the overall design of this paper. And briefly introduced two classic antenna (monopole antenna and dipole antenna) and several antenna the key parameters, this part is the theoretical basis of this paper. This paper is combined with conventional LTE mobile phone antenna design method and antenna, creatively designed to cover the GSM850/900, DCS1800, PCS190 0, small, UTMS2100 and 4G band broadband, mobile phone antenna with high performance. The antenna size is 9mm * 35mm * 3mm, by using the coupled monopole, short stub loaded, and loading the circuit using lumped inductor to achieve broadband mobile phone antenna with low frequency characteristic, frequency covering 824MHz-960MHz, 1710MHz-2690MHz. has better antenna monopole antenna, and has good radiation efficiency, the antenna radiation efficiency reached above 50% in the low frequency, high frequency of more than 95%. In particular, in order to simulate the actual environment of the mobile phone, the simulation of the antenna substrate increases the thickness of outer plastic shell 1mm (the plastic shell of the relative dielectric constant, loss tangent value of? 3R?? 01.0tan?). Finally, the antenna proposed in this paper were fabricated and tested, and the test results and the simulation results are compared By analysis, test and simulation results have good consistency. This paper analyzes a miniaturized ultra wideband antenna, antenna structure for CPW fed monopole antenna in the disk, through the radiator around the additional gear type structure, miniaturization characteristics of extended antenna current path to achieve antenna ultra wideband antenna band coverage. 3.1-13.2GHz, the entire band antenna has good characteristics of standing wave, the radiation pattern of stability, the relative bandwidth of the antenna reached 124%. in the design of ultra wideband antenna based on combination of notch performance thought, through radiation etching C slot line unit and loading parasitic elements in the antenna, the IEEE (5.15-5.35GHz, 802.1a 5.725-5.825GHz), HIPERLAN/2 (5.15-5.35GHz, 5.47-5.725GHz), C-Band (3.7-4.2GHz) to produce a single frequency notch and notch characteristics of dual frequency characteristic, the antenna has good notch Characteristics. On this basis, combining with the reconfiguration idea, design a frequency reconfigurable 5-6GHz in UWB antenna. This paper mainly uses the PIN switch through the control switch to control the structural unit of the current path, so as to realize the notch frequency reconfigurable antenna. The characteristics of miniaturization. The proposed reconfigurable, multi band, broadband antenna has good practical application prospect in wireless communication system, which laid the foundation for the development of the next generation mobile communication.

【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN828

【共引文献】