大规模无线传感器网络覆盖优化研究

发布时间：2018-01-18 09:01

本文关键词：大规模无线传感器网络覆盖优化研究　出处：《重庆大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着长江三峡水利枢纽工程的顺利推进和周边城镇化建设的加快，三峡库区的生态环境现状及其变化一直广受国内外关注。现有的监测设备、方法和手段已不能满足任务要求，迫切需要提高三峡库区环境监测的能力。由于无线传感器网络具有低成本、自组织、通信灵活、可远程实时监控等特点，，无线传感器网络在环境监测中的应用成为研究的热点，本文以三峡库区水环境监测为应用背景，针对无线传感器网络节点能量有限的特点，重点研究覆盖优化策略和节点能量的均衡性来延长网络的生命周期，在分析现有研究成果的基础上，提出了适合于三峡库区水环境监测的大规模无线传感器网络覆盖优化策略。根据三峡库区水环境监测具有监测面积大和分布广的特点，研究三峡库区大规模无线传感器水环境监测网络的覆盖特性，并考虑网络的实现成本，充分利用国内外已取得的研究成果，将人工鱼群算法应用到无线传感器网络覆盖优化中，以人工鱼群算法为基础，针对人工鱼群算法存在后期收敛慢、求解精度不高和易陷入局部值的缺陷，提出了带反馈策略的混沌人工鱼群算法。该算法将具有遍历性的混沌搜索引入到基本人工鱼群算法，在人工鱼搜索结果的基础上进行混沌局部搜索，避免了算法陷入局部值；同时反馈策略的加入避免了算法后期迂回搜索，提高了收敛速度和求解精度。在完成上述算法研究的基础上，传统的覆盖优化策略未考虑传感器节点能耗均衡且最小化的冗余节点覆盖并不能代表网络能耗的最小化，提出基于能量管理的无线传感器网络覆盖优化策略，以覆盖率最大化和网络能耗最小化搭建数学模型。仿真结果表明该策略能够在保证覆盖率的前提下能延长网络的生命周期，节省了网络能量。
[Abstract]:With the smooth progress of the three Gorges Project and the acceleration of the surrounding urbanization, the status quo and changes of the ecological environment in the three Gorges Reservoir area have been widely concerned at home and abroad, and the existing monitoring equipment. The methods and means can not meet the requirements of the task, so it is urgent to improve the ability of environmental monitoring in the three Gorges Reservoir area. Because wireless sensor networks have the characteristics of low cost, self-organization, flexible communication, remote real-time monitoring and so on, the application of wireless sensor networks in environmental monitoring has become a research hotspot. Based on the application background of water environment monitoring in the three Gorges Reservoir area, aiming at the limited energy of wireless sensor network nodes, this paper focuses on the coverage optimization strategy and the balance of node energy to prolong the network life cycle. Based on the analysis of the existing research results, a large scale wireless sensor network coverage optimization strategy suitable for water environment monitoring in the three Gorges Reservoir area is proposed. According to the characteristics of large area and wide distribution of water environment monitoring in the three Gorges Reservoir area, the coverage characteristics of the large-scale wireless sensor water environment monitoring network in the three Gorges Reservoir area are studied, and the realization cost of the network is considered. The artificial fish swarm algorithm is applied to the wireless sensor network coverage optimization based on the artificial fish swarm algorithm, aiming at the late convergence of artificial fish swarm algorithm. In this paper, a chaotic artificial fish swarm algorithm with feedback strategy is proposed, which introduces the ergodicity chaotic search to the basic artificial fish swarm algorithm. Based on the results of artificial fish search, chaotic local search is carried out to avoid the algorithm falling into local value. At the same time, the addition of feedback strategy avoids the tortuous search in the later stage of the algorithm, and improves the convergence speed and the accuracy of the solution. On the basis of the above algorithms, the traditional coverage optimization strategy does not consider the sensor node energy balance and minimum redundant node coverage can not represent the minimum network energy consumption. An energy management based coverage optimization strategy for wireless sensor networks is proposed. The simulation results show that the proposed strategy can prolong the network life cycle and save the network energy under the premise of the coverage maximization and the network energy consumption minimization.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TP212.9;TN929.5

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