窄带网环境下的视频监控系统设计与实现

发布时间：2018-01-22 20:55

本文关键词： 视频监控窄带宽视频服务器 H.264　出处：《电子科技大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着经济的发展和人们生活水平的提高,安防观念已经渐渐融入各行各业和人们的日常生活。在科学技术进步的推动下,安防系统也发生着翻天覆地的变化,从最初的以电缆为基础的模拟视频监控系统到以DVR(数字视频录像机)为基础的数字视频监控系统,再到今天普遍使用的以网络型DVR为基础的IP视频监控系统。视频监控系统正朝着数字化、网络化发展,对稳定性以及图像清晰度也有了较高要求。纵观监控领域在宽带网络和专网下都有着丰富的产品,然而针对窄带宽的产品却寥寥无几,鉴于此,本课题设计开发一套能够适应窄带宽网络环境的视频监控系统。本课题研究的视频服务器基于升迈科技的GM8180 SoC,具备强劲的CPU和专用的H.264编码引擎,运行高度裁剪的嵌入式linux,与平台服务器间信令交互采用TCP链接辅以心跳机制确保信令交互可靠。采用H.264视频压缩算法辅以抽帧技术,减少不必要的数据传输。采用ADPCM音频压缩算法在不消耗过多CPU资源的情况下获得较好的音质和较小的音频数据量。采用专门设计的传输策略,增加带宽的利用率,从而增强传输能力。本课题系统架构采用分布式体系架构,可有效平衡监控中心之间的负载,并且单个监控中心出现故障不会影响到整个系统。同时系统架构设计时参考了TCP/IP五层模型的设计思路,从整体上看,系统分为3个层次:终端接入层、通信层、应用层。应用层的业务采用模块化设计的原则,除开核心的通信、媒体转发、配置,其他业务模块可以根据需求自由拆分、组合,灵活性十足。本文介绍了本课题的背景及意义,视频监控系统的发展历程以及视频服务器的优势。探讨了监控系统系统开发中的一些关键技术,包括视频接口技术、压缩算法、音频压缩算法、传输协议。对视频服务器和平台软件的功能和技术指标做了一些要求,并对系统的总体设计分别从系统应用场景、核心视频服务器、系统平台三方面做了说明。文中着重介绍了视频服务器的实现原理,采用的关键芯片、硬件构成、软件构成与实现,简要介绍如何实现系统平台,然后介绍了本平台软件的优点。最后检验系统设计的成果,对测试结果进行分析、总结和展望。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy and the improvement of people's living standard, the concept of security and defense has gradually integrated into various industries and people's daily life. Under the impetus of the progress of science and technology, the security and defense system is also undergoing earth-shaking changes. From the cable based analog video surveillance system to the DVR (digital video recorder) based digital video surveillance system. Then the IP video surveillance system based on the network DVR is widely used today. The video surveillance system is developing towards the digitization and networking. There are also higher requirements for stability and image clarity. Throughout the field of monitoring in broadband networks and private networks have a wealth of products, but there are very few products for narrow bandwidth, in view of this. This paper designs and develops a set of video surveillance system which can adapt to the narrow bandwidth network environment. The video server studied in this paper is based on GM8180 SoC of Shengmai Technology. Strong CPU and dedicated H.264 encoding engine running highly tailored embedded linux. The signaling interaction with the platform server is guaranteed by TCP link and heartbeat mechanism, and the H.264 video compression algorithm is used to support the frame extraction technology. Reduce unnecessary data transmission. Adopt ADPCM audio compression algorithm to get better sound quality and smaller audio data without consuming too much CPU resources. Adopt specially designed transmission strategy. Increase the utilization of bandwidth, thus enhance the transmission capacity. This system architecture uses distributed architecture, can effectively balance the load between the monitoring center. And the failure of a single monitoring center will not affect the entire system. At the same time, the system architecture design referred to the TCP/IP five-tier model design ideas, from the overall point of view. The system is divided into three levels: terminal access layer, communication layer, application layer. The application layer uses the principle of modularization design, apart from core communication, media forwarding, configuration. Other business modules can be split freely, combined and flexible according to requirements. This paper introduces the background and significance of this topic. This paper discusses some key technologies in the development of video surveillance system, including video interface technology, compression algorithm and audio compression algorithm. Transmission protocol. To the video server and platform software functions and technical specifications to do some requirements, and the overall design of the system from the system application scenarios, core video server. This paper mainly introduces the realization principle of video server, the key chip, the hardware structure, the software structure and the realization, and briefly introduces how to realize the system platform. Then the advantages of the platform software are introduced. Finally, the design results of the system are verified, and the test results are analyzed, summarized and prospected.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN948.6

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