量子密钥分发协议的有限密钥安全性分析

发布时间：2018-01-24 16:38

本文关键词： 有限密钥分析统计波动最优化问题被动式诱骗态测量器件无关　出处：《北京邮电大学》2014年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：受通信时间、存储能力等因素的限制,量子通信中通信双方传输的脉冲数只能是有限个,因此分析量子密钥分发协议的有限密钥安全性成为实现量子通信的重要前提。在实际的量子通信中,器件的非理想性极大地影响着协议的安全性,本论文针对主要器件的实际情况进行讨论,分析了基于非理想器件的量子密钥分发协议的有限密钥安全性,具体研究内容如下：针对非理想的单光子光源,建立了基于相位随机的弱相干光源的诱骗态量子密钥分发协议的有限密钥模型,将协议的安全性分析转化为安全密钥率的求解问题。考虑脉冲个数对协议中参数的统计规律的影响,构建了以密钥率最小值为目标函数的最优化问题,利用非线性规划问题的一般解法,得到了安全密钥率的一个下界以及安全传输距离的最大值,完善了量子密钥分发协议的实际应用研究。针对存在诱骗信息泄露问题的PlugPlay通信系统,结合两种不同光源一一参量下转换过程产生的光源和相位随机的弱相干光源,分析了被动式诱骗态量子密钥分发协议的有限安全密钥率,并讨论了光强起伏对协议安全性的影响,得到了参量下转换过程产生的光源更适用于实际量子通信。针对非理想的探测器,为了抵抗其上的边信道攻击,分析了测量器件无关量子密钥分发协议的有限密钥安全性,得到了通信双方之间传输的脉冲个数与安全密钥率、安全传输距离之间的数学关系。通过对参数的合理估值,得到了几种典型密钥长度下安全密钥率的一个下界与传输距离的关系。
[Abstract]:Due to the limitation of communication time, storage capacity and other factors, the number of pulses transmitted by both sides in quantum communication can only be limited. Therefore, it is an important prerequisite for quantum communication to analyze the security of quantum key distribution protocol (QKD). In the actual quantum communication, the non-ideality of the device greatly affects the security of the protocol. In this paper, the actual situation of the main devices is discussed. The finite key security of quantum key distribution protocol based on non-ideal devices is analyzed. A finite key model of decoy state quantum key distribution protocol based on phase random weak coherent light source is established for non-ideal single photon light source. The security analysis of the protocol is transformed into the solution of the security key rate. Considering the influence of the number of pulses on the statistical rule of the parameters in the protocol, the optimization problem with the minimum key rate as the objective function is constructed. A lower bound of the secure key rate and the maximum of the secure transmission distance are obtained by using the general solution of the nonlinear programming problem, and the practical application research of the quantum key distribution protocol is improved. For the PlugPlay communication system which has the problem of decoy information leakage, combining two different light sources one by one parametric downconversion process and phase random weak coherent light source. The limited security key rate of passive decoy quantum key distribution protocol is analyzed, and the influence of light intensity fluctuation on the security of the protocol is discussed. It is obtained that the light source generated by parametric downconversion is more suitable for practical quantum communication. In order to resist the edge channel attack on the non-ideal detector, the finite key security of the measurement device independent quantum key distribution protocol is analyzed. The mathematical relationship between the number of pulses transmitted between the two sides of the communication and the security key rate and the secure transmission distance is obtained, and the reasonable estimation of the parameters is obtained. The relation between a lower bound of the security key rate and the transmission distance under several typical key lengths is obtained.
【学位授予单位】：北京邮电大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：O413.1;TN918.4

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