相控阵雷达多目标跟踪下的资源优化与资源管理方法研究

发布时间：2018-01-28 11:54

本文关键词： 相控阵雷达多目标跟踪资源优化资源管理目标威胁度　出处：《西安电子科技大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：相控阵雷达由于其高性能和多功能已成为雷达技术发展方向上的一个重要里程碑。相控阵雷达波束的形成和定位只需几微秒的时间,使得几百个波束可以在一秒内产生,这些波束用于对目标进行跟踪和搜索。同时雷达还处理天线接收到的回波,这样雷达就可以同时对多个目标进行多种操作。由于雷达处于不同的工作方式,对雷达资源的消耗各不相同。所以,怎样合理地调度与使用有限的雷达资源将直接关系到相控阵雷达突出优势的发挥。本文围绕多目标跟踪下相控阵雷达的资源优化以及资源管理分别展开了相关研究。主要工作如下:1.研究了多目标跟踪时的资源优化问题。由于相控阵雷达跟踪多目标时,通常采用分时多波束的工作模式,因此资源优化主要是指对不同目标照射时间的优化分配。根据目标的状态估计信息,以目标的总体跟踪性能最优作为代价函数,对雷达在各个目标方向上的照射时间进行优化,优化问题的最优解即为雷达在各目标所在方向上的照射时间。仿真实验说明该方法可以改善目标的总体跟踪精度。2.研究了多目标跟踪时的资源管理问题,即如何在多个跟踪任务以及搜索任务之间有效地调度相控阵雷达的波束。换句话说,相控阵雷达在完成该时刻的任务后,要确定下一时刻的工作方式(搜索还是跟踪),就跟踪方式而言,对哪个目标进行跟踪也是一个需要进一步确定的信息。解决资源管理问题主要有基于信息论的方法和基于协方差控制的方法。本文将两种方法的思想相结合研究了一种改进算法,针对有特殊要求的目标按照期望跟踪精度进行跟踪,针对剩余其他没有要求的目标依照信息增量进行跟踪。通过仿真实验说明了该方法的优点。期望跟踪精度是根据目标的威胁度进行设置的。针对动态变化的目标环境,根据专家知识和雷达回波获取的目标特性的先验知识,本文研究了基于层次——效益法的目标威胁度确定方法。通过仿真实验证实它的决策结果符合人们一般思考的结果,是一种有效的方法。
[Abstract]:Phased array radar has become an important milestone in the development of radar technology due to its high performance and multifunction. The beamforming and positioning of phased array radar takes only a few microseconds. This allows hundreds of beams to be generated within 1 second, which are used to track and search targets. The radar also processes the echoes received by the antenna. In this way, radar can operate multiple targets at the same time. Because the radar is in different working mode, the consumption of radar resources is different. How to reasonably schedule and use limited radar resources will be directly related to the outstanding advantages of phased array radar. This paper focuses on resource optimization and resource management of phased array radar under multi-target tracking. The main tasks are as follows:. 1. The problem of resource optimization in multi-target tracking is studied. The time-sharing multi-beam mode is usually used, so resource optimization mainly refers to the optimal allocation of irradiation time for different targets. The information is estimated according to the state of the target. The optimal target tracking performance is taken as the cost function to optimize the radar exposure time in each target direction. The optimal solution of the optimization problem is the radar irradiating time in each target direction. The simulation results show that the method can improve the overall tracking accuracy of the target. 2. The resource management problem in multi-target tracking is studied. That is, how to effectively schedule the beam of phased array radar between multiple tracking tasks and search tasks. In other words, after the phased array radar completes the task at that time. To determine how the next moment will work (search or track), in terms of tracking. Tracking the target is also an information that needs to be further determined. There are two methods to solve the problem of resource management: one is based on information theory and the other is based on covariance control, and the other is based on covariance control. In this paper, the ideas of the two methods are combined. An improved algorithm is proposed. The target with special requirements is tracked according to the expected tracking accuracy. The advantages of this method are illustrated by simulation experiments. The expected tracking accuracy is set according to the threat degree of the target. Environment. Based on expert knowledge and prior knowledge of target characteristics acquired by radar echo. In this paper, the method of target threat degree determination based on hierarchical benefit method is studied. The simulation results show that its decision result accords with the results of general thinking and is an effective method.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN958.92

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