基于SAE J1939的客车通信协议设计与应用

  本文关键词：基于SAE J1939的客车通信协议设计与应用，，由笔耕文化传播整理发布。

基于SAE J1939的客车通信协议设计与应用

基于SAE J1939的客车通信协议设计与应用

随着汽车能源、排放、噪声法规的日益严格,以及客户对舒适性、安全性以及娱乐性需求的进一步提高,传统的纯机械装置已经无法满足法规和客户对汽车性能提出的高要求。网络通信技术、计算机技术及制约技术的发展使汽车电子技术越来越多的应用到现代汽车中。汽车电子技术的高速发展使汽车各电子制约系统采用汽车网络的通信方式变得非常必要,汽车网络不但可以减少电子系统布线的线束,降低汽车制造成本,还可以实现各系统的信息共享,使汽车更智能化、一体化,为进一步提高整车性能,扩展系统功能奠定了基础。因此汽车网络通信协议是汽车电子的核心技术之一,对整车网络通信协议的设计是电子制约系统自主研发的前提和基础。本文结合吉林大学与厦门金龙联合汽车工业有限公司合作的“汽车智能化集成制约系统CAN通信协议的设计及其应用”项目,针对CAN总线协议在客车通信网络中的设计与应用进行研究,设计了应用于客车的通信协议,开发了网络通信协议浅析浅析软件,最后分别进行了部件检测和装车试验并浅析浅析了客车通信网络性能,具体工作如下：首先对汽车网络协议进行分类,从五类汽车网络中选择成本低、配置灵活的CAN总线作为客车通信网络基础。在浅析浅析了CAN总线的特点之后,对CAN总线高层协议SAE J1939按照OSI七层网络模型逐层详细浅析浅析,特别是数据链路层、应用层、故障诊断机制以及网络管理层,为客车通信协议的制定打下基础。在对客车通信协议进行设计之前,本文先浅析浅析并制定了客车各电子制约系统的制约对策,设计了通信网络拓扑结构。之后基于SAE J1939协议设计了应用于客车的网络通信协议XMQ J1939,按照SAE J1939的原则制定了连续型和离散型客车网络通信参数,并设计了参数组；并且在浅析浅析了客车故障诊断的需求的基础上,制定了整车故障诊断机制,设计了故障诊断协议；还设计了客车通信网络兼容性机制,为每个节点ECU分配了地址,并设计了网络地址仲裁方式,使网络兼容性更加可靠。为了在部件检测和装车试验中对CAN总线数据进行浅析浅析,根据用户需求,利用UML统一建模语言对系统建模,选择Visual C++开发环境,设计了基于SAE J1939协议浅析浅析软件。最后分别进行了部件检测和装车试验。对部件制约系统检测,首先设计了检测流程,检测了制约系统通信数据结构以及消息反馈内容,并检测了故障反馈内容和兼容性机制,确保各部件制约系统能够满足客车通信协议的要求,能够进行装车试验。在装车试验中,分别进行了静态试验和动态试验。对装车后的各制约系统除了检测部件检测的内容外还进行了电子制约单硕博在线论文网互换测试,验证相同功能的系统不需要修改软硬件就可以稳定的实现功能。还对整车试验数据进行浅析浅析,证明了总线负载率、命令报文发送延迟率和设备响应延迟时间都在正常范围内,客车通信网络性能良好。本文设计的客车通信协议,有利于整车企业制约成本,同时也有利于推动国内汽车电子企业的技术进步,更为未来客车CAN总线功能扩展打下了良好基础。

【Abstract】 As the vehicle’s energy, emissions, noise regulations become increasingly stringent, and customers’needs for comfort, security and entertainment are further improved, traditional purely mechanical devices have been unable to meet the regulations’and customers’demands for automobile high performance. The developments of network communication, computer and control technology make more and more automobile electronic technologies to be applied to modern automobile. The rapid developments of automobile electronic technology make the communication mode of vehicle network which every electronic control system in the automobile uses become very necessary. Vehicle network not only can reduce wiring harness of electronic systems and automobile’s manufacturing cost, but also can achieve every system information sharing, make automobile more intelligent and integrated, form the basis for further improving vehicle performance and expanding system function. Therefore the protocol of vehicle network communication is one of the core technologies of Automotive Electronics. The design of vehicle network communication protocol is the prerequisite and basis for independent research and development of electronic control system.This paper combined with "Automotive Smart & Integrated Control System CAN communication protocol design and application" project which Jilin University cooperate with Xiamen King Long United Automotive Industry Co Ltd, researches the CAN bus protocol’s design and application on bus communication networks, designs the communication protocol used in passenger cars, develops the software that can analyze network communication protocol. Finally, tests components and carries out vehicle test, analyses the bus communication network’s performance. As the specific works: Firstly, sorts vehicle network protocols, and chooses the low-cost and flexibly configurable CAN bus from five sorts of vehicle network as the base of bus communication network. After analyzing the features of CAN bus, analyses the high-level CAN protocol SAE J1939 according to OSI seven layers network model in detail, especially Data Link Layer, Application Layer, Diagnostic Mechanism and Network Management Protocol. These works form the basis for formulating the bus communication protocol.Before designs bus communication protocol, this paper analyses and formulates the control strategy of bus electronic control system, designs the communication network topology. Then designs the bus network communication protocol XMQ J1939 that based on SAE J1939. Defines continuous and discrete parameters for bus network communication, designs the parameters group according to the principles of SAE J1939. Based on bus fault diagnosis demands, formulates fault diagnosis mechanism and designs diagnostic protocol. Also designs bus communication network’s compatibility mechanism, allocates network address to each node’s ECU. And the way of network address arbitration is designed to make the network more reliable. In order to analyze the data on CAN bus when does components and vehicle test, according to users’needs, builds the system architecture model with Unified Modeling Language UML, selects Visual C++ development environment to design the protocol that based on the SAE J1939 analysis software.At last, carries out components test and vehicle test. For testing control system components, designs the testing process, detects communication data frame of the control system and the contents of return message include of fault diagnosis message, exams the compatibility mechanism to ensure that all parts of the control system can meet the requirements of bus communication protocol, and can carry out vehicle test. In the vehicle test, there are static tests and dynamic tests. For all of control system components that fitted on the bus, besides the contents in the components test, also carries out the electronic control unit exchanging test, that can verify the control systems which have same functions can work stably without modifying the software or hardware. The analysis of vehicle test data proves that the load rate of CAN bus, the rate of order message transmission delay and equipment response delay time are in the normal range, the bus communication network have good performance.The bus communication protocol designed in this paper will help vehicle enterprises control manufacturing cost, and home automotive electronics corporation improve technology, in the mean time, lays a good foundation for CAN bus function expansion in the future.

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  本文关键词：基于SAE J1939的客车通信协议设计与应用，由笔耕文化传播整理发布。