用于卫星通信的圆极化天线及CTS阵列天线的研究

发布时间：2018-02-16 19:08

本文关键词： 螺旋天线圆极化微带天线 SIW CTS　出处：《西安电子科技大学》2014年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着信息技术的不断发展，通信业务的不断拓宽，卫星通信的应用领域越来越广泛并逐步成为重要的通信手段。因此，为了适应现代通信的发展，圆极化、宽波束、倾斜波束、低副瓣和波束扫描等成为天线技术发展的重要研究方向。本论文结合科研课题，为满足卫星通信系统的需求，对单臂螺旋天线、四臂螺旋天线、圆极化微带缝隙天线及CTS阵列天线进行了深入的研究。作者的主要研究成果可概括为： 1.对单臂螺旋天线进行了研究。针对卫星通信系统对天线小型化、倾斜波束的需求，设计了两种分别应用于地面固定站和载体卫星通信系统的单臂螺旋天线。包括带有加载板的轴向模单臂螺旋天线阵列，通过加载短路板可在较低高度下获得较高的增益；采用不对称螺旋臂绕制的锥向模单臂螺旋天线，利用螺旋臂的不对称电流分布实现了较好的波束下倾辐射特性。测试结果表明，上述单臂螺旋天线均具有良好的电性能。 2.对四臂螺旋天线及馈电网络进行了研究。针对卫星通信系统对天线小型化、宽波束的需求，设计了三种集成不同馈电网络的宽波束四臂螺旋天线。包括采用折叠臂技术的折叠四臂螺旋天线及小型化馈电网络；采用弯臂耦合技术的耦合四臂螺旋天线及组合馈电网络；采用多臂组合技术的宽带四臂螺旋天线及宽带馈电网络。测试结果表明，上述四臂螺旋天线均具有良好的电性能。 3.对圆极化微带缝隙天线进行了研究。针对卫星通信系统对宽频带圆极化的需求，设计了两种宽缝圆极化天线阵列。包括带有改进馈电网络的共面波导馈电的宽缝圆极化天线阵列；带有新型串联馈电网络的非对称共面波导馈电的宽缝圆极化天线阵列。测试结果表明，上述圆极化微带天线均具有良好的电性能。 4.对基于SIW的低副瓣CTS天线阵列进行了研究。针对卫星通信系统对天线低剖面、低副瓣的需求，设计了一种新型的SIW-CTS天线阵列。研究了CTS天线的基本理论、单元间互耦特性和辐射特性，采用差分进化算法进行了低副瓣优化，，设计了宽带馈电网络。仿真结果表明，设计的CTS天线阵列具有良好的电性能。 5.对VICTS阵列天线进行了研究。针对移动卫星通信系统对天线跟踪的需求，对具有波束扫描特性的VICTS阵列天线进行了初步研究。讨论了VICTS阵列天线的基本理论及分析方法，设计了VICTS天线单元并组阵扫描，对波束扫描中出现的若干问题进行了分析和讨论。
[Abstract]:With the development of information technology and the expansion of communication services, the application field of satellite communication is becoming more and more extensive and gradually become an important means of communication. Therefore, in order to adapt to the development of modern communications, circular polarization, wide beam, inclined beam, Low sidelobe and beam scanning have become the important research direction of antenna technology. In order to meet the demand of satellite communication system, the single arm spiral antenna and four arm spiral antenna are studied in this paper. The circularly polarized microstrip slot antenna and CTS array antenna are studied in detail. The main research results of the author can be summarized as follows:. 1. The single-arm helical antenna is studied. Two kinds of single-arm helical antennas used in ground fixed station and carrier satellite communication system are designed, including axial mode single-arm spiral antenna array with loading plate, which can obtain higher gain at lower height by loading short-circuit plate. Using the asymmetric spiral arm winding single arm single arm spiral antenna, the asymmetric current distribution of the spiral arm is used to achieve better beam downdip radiation characteristics. The test results show that all of these single arm spiral antennas have good electrical performance. 2. The four-arm helical antenna and feed network are studied. Three kinds of wide-beam four-arm helical antennas integrated with different feed networks are designed, including folded four-arm helical antennas and miniaturized feed networks, coupled four-arm helical antennas and combined feed networks using bending arm coupling technology. The wideband four-arm helical antenna and broadband feed network using multi-arm combination technique are used. The test results show that these four-arm helical antennas have good electrical performance. 3. The circularly polarized microstrip slot antenna is studied. Two kinds of wide-slit circularly polarized antenna arrays are designed, including a wide-slit circularly polarized antenna array with a coplanar waveguide fed by an improved feed network. A wide-slit circularly polarized antenna array with a novel series feed network fed by asymmetric coplanar waveguide is presented. The experimental results show that the circularly polarized microstrip antennas have good electrical performance. 4. The low sidelobe CTS antenna array based on SIW is studied. A new SIW-CTS antenna array is designed to meet the demand of low profile and low sidelobe antenna in satellite communication system. The basic theory of CTS antenna is studied. Based on the characteristics of mutual coupling and radiation between elements, the differential evolution algorithm is used to optimize the low sidelobe, and the broadband feed network is designed. The simulation results show that the designed CTS antenna array has good electrical performance. 5. The VICTS array antenna is studied. According to the requirement of antenna tracking in mobile satellite communication system, the VICTS array antenna with beam scanning characteristic is studied. The basic theory and analysis method of VICTS array antenna are discussed. The VICTS antenna unit and array scanning are designed, and some problems in beam scanning are analyzed and discussed.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN828.5

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