基于博弈论的无线通信抗干扰关键技术研究

发布时间：2018-02-21 20:31

本文关键词： 干扰效果评估功率控制博弈论效用函数纳什均衡　出处：《电子科技大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着无线通信的快速发展,干扰逐渐成为抑制通信性能提高的一个重要因素,如何降低和消除无线通信中的干扰成了人们日益关注的问题。从干扰的主观性可以将其分为无意干扰和恶意干扰,无意干扰指的是在民用通信中,用户为了竞争有限的频谱资源而对其它用户造成的干扰,在分布式通信系统中,用户可以自主决策而无需设置中心控制台,简化了系统结构,减少了占用信道的开销,此时采用博弈论分析每个理性用户的行为,根据效用函数得出博弈均衡解,最大化用户效用值的同时抑制用户间的相互干扰。恶意干扰主要出现在军事通信的电子对抗中,由于敌方的敌意干扰,特别是在拦截,监听及对抗等环境中,通信被中断的概率增加,对敌方干扰效果的动态评估将直接决定己方通信抗干扰技术的策略选择、最终性能与代价。干扰对抗和通信抗干扰是敌我双方的干扰策略和抗干扰策略的较量,其实质是一种博弈的过程。博弈论作为研究相互影响的决策选择的理论,它不仅仅是在已知对方行动时,根据对方的决策而采取相应的策略,更重要的是可以在未知对方行动信息时对整个决策过程进行预判和分析,选择使得自身利益最大化的策略。因此可以使用博弈论对干扰对抗效果评估进行分析,从而得到最优的干扰对抗策略组合。本文主要分为六个部分。第二章概述了博弈论的基本概念和定义,博弈类型分类并重点给出了用于干扰对抗效果评估的非合作完全信息博弈模型及纳什均衡值求解过程。在第三章中,对分布式通信系统中的功率控制问题利用博弈理论进行了研究,首先采用非合作博弈,分别分析了在以用户容量和能效比为效用函数的情况下,用户的功率控制问题,此时得到的纳什均衡解虽然是用户效用值最大化的稳定点,但其性能不是全局最优,相对于性能上界有较大差距。为了提高用户性能,引入了代价函数和重复博弈两种方法对非合作博弈进行性能改进,同时降低了用户间干扰。接下来采用合作博弈对功率控制问题进行分析,分别考虑纳什议价博弈和K-S议价博弈模型下用户的策略选择,得到了相应的议价均衡解,具有帕累托特性,后者关注弱势用户,提高了系统中最小性能值用户的数值,减小了用户间的性能差距,使得整个系统更具有公平性。博弈理论为分布式通信系统中用户的资源分配提供了一个非常有效的分析方法和行为准则。第四章中主要研究了非合作博弈在干扰对抗效果评估中的应用。首先概述了干扰对抗技术的研究现状,通过对干扰对抗通信模型并对对抗问题的描述,构建干扰效果评估非合作零和博弈和算法设计,最后对干扰对抗策略和效用函数进行了分析,选取了误码率作为效用函数,并给出了不同干扰对抗中的误码率公式,对抗双方根据误码率效用值,得出纳什均衡解。依据上述理论依据,本文提出:可以根据博弈论分析得出的干扰对抗效果评估的结果进行通信抗干扰策略选择,使得抗干扰和干扰效果最优化。更进一步,决策者根据博弈均衡结果进行再次判断,如果最优的抗干扰效果不能满足通信要求则通信方选择无线电静默,同理,如果最优干扰效果依然不能干扰正常通信,则干扰方出于节省功率考虑,将选择不再干扰。这将可分别应用于干扰机设计与通信抗干扰技术的设计。第五章是基于非合作博弈的干扰对抗效果评估性能的仿真分析,首先对不同干扰环境的误码率性能仿真分析,通过仿真得出的数值,构建了多个干扰场景中通信方和干扰方的效用值矩阵,求出相应的纳什均衡解,当纯策略纳什均衡解不存在时求解混合策略纳什均衡解。结果表明,利用博弈论的最优策略作为指导,对于不同的干扰技术,通信方可选择最优的均衡传输技术。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of wireless communication, interference has gradually become an important factor to improve the performance of suppressing the communication, how to reduce and eliminate interference in wireless communication has become a growing concern. Interference from subjectivity can be divided into unintentional interference and malicious interference, no meaning interference refers to the interference in civil communication. Users in order to compete for the limited spectrum resources to other users in the distributed communication system, users can make their own decisions without setting the center console, simplifies the system structure, reduces the channel overhead, the use of game theory analysis the rational behavior of users, according to the utility function that equilibrium solutions, while suppressing the interference between users to maximize user utility value. Malicious interference occurs mainly in electronic warfare of military communication, due to the hostile jamming enemy, especially In the interception, monitoring and countermeasure environment, increase the probability of communication is interrupted, the dynamic assessment of enemy interference effect will directly determine the selection strategy of one's own communication anti-jamming technology, performance and cost. The final confrontation and interference in anti jamming communication jamming strategy is the struggle between the two sides and anti jamming strategy of the contest, its essence is the process a game. Game theory is to study the interaction of decision theory, it is not only known each other in action, and take corresponding strategies according to their decision, it is more important in the action of information unknown to each other when the decision-making process of pre judgment and analysis, choose to maximize their own interests the strategy. So it can be used to assess the effect of interference against the game theory analysis, in order to get the optimal strategy combination jamming. This paper is mainly divided into six parts. The second chapter overview The basic concept and definition of game theory, game type classification and focuses on the evaluation of jamming effect for the non cooperative game of complete information model and the Nash equilibrium solution. In the third chapter, the power control problem in distributed communication system based on game theory is studied, using non cooperative game, respectively. In the analysis of user capacity and energy efficiency ratio for the utility function, the power control problem of the user, the Nash equilibrium solution is obtained while the user utility value stable point maximum, but its performance is not globally optimal, relative to the upper bound of the performance gap. In order to improve user performance, introduces the cost function and repeated game two methods on the performance of non cooperative game improvement, while reducing the interference between users. Then using cooperative game theory to analyse the power control problem, respectively. Consider the Nash bargaining game and K-S bargaining game model under the user's strategy, obtained the corresponding bargaining equilibrium solution, with Pareto characteristics, the latter focus on vulnerable users, improve the system performance in the minimum number of user value, reduce the performance gap between users, makes the whole system more fairness. Provides a very effective analysis methods and standards of behavior game theory of the allocation of resources for users in distributed communication system. The fourth chapter mainly studies the non cooperative game in the application of jamming effect evaluation. Firstly summarizes the research status of the anti interference technology, through the communication model of interference and to fight against the problem description, construction evaluation cooperation of zero sum game and algorithm design of jamming effect, finally jamming strategy and utility function are analyzed, select the BER as utility function, and gives the The error rate of different jamming against both sides according to the bit error rate formula, the utility value, the Nash equilibrium solution. Based on the above theoretical basis, this paper put forward: Communication anti jamming strategy selection can be evaluated against the interference effect according to the game theory analysis results, optimization of the anti jamming and interference effect. Further, decision makers again according to the judgment results of the game, if the optimal interference effect cannot meet the communication requirements of the communication side of radio silence, similarly, if the optimal jamming effect is still not normal communication interference, interference for saving power, will choose not to interfere. This will be used to design the design of communication jamming resistance interference technology. The fifth chapter is the analysis of interference simulation based on non cooperative game against the effect of performance evaluation, the first error of different interference environment Performance simulation analysis, obtained by numerical simulation, build communication and interfering multiple interference scenarios in utility value matrix, calculate the corresponding Nash equilibrium solution, when the pure strategy Nash equilibrium does not exist when solving Nash equilibrium mixed strategy solution. The results show that the optimal strategy by using game theory as a guide. For different interference, balanced transmission technology can choose the optimal communication.

【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN92

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