4G通信LTE基站宽带天线应用研究

发布时间：2018-03-01 22:03

本文关键词： LTE基站天线宽带特性电磁偶极子天线微带天线圆形双极化天线振子　出处：《东南大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着现代移动通信系统的快速发展,LTE-A (Long Term Evolution-Advanced,长期演进)系统对基站天线的性能提出了更高的要求。据文献报道,电磁偶极子天线及使用巴伦馈电的半波振子具有较宽的阻抗带宽,并且在工作频带内具有稳定的辐射方向图及增益,因此适合作为LTE基站天线的单元。本论文针对宽带电磁偶极子天线、双U型槽微带天线、使用巴伦结构馈电的双极化天线进行了广泛的研究,然后利用蝴蝶结型缝隙微带天线与电偶极子组合的电磁偶极子天线分别进行了E面及H面的组阵,实现了垂直及水平两种极化的天线阵列。重点研究了组阵过程中引入的功分网络及天线单元之间的互耦对阵列性能的影响,对去耦方式及宽带功分网络设计等关键技术进行了探索,并对两种天线阵列进行了实物加工、安装、调试及测试。论文的主要工作如下：一、首先在蝶形弯折缝隙天线的基础上,通过增加电偶极子,设计了一种电磁偶极子天线。测试结果与仿真结果吻合,结果表明,天线的阻抗带宽由蝶形弯折缝隙天线的2.7%增加到了26.2%,实现了宽带特性。然后,制作了由蝴蝶结型缝隙微带天线与电偶极子组合的电磁偶极子天线,实测与仿真结果吻合,阻抗带宽为1.7-2.7GHz(VSWR1.4),带内增益及方向图稳定,可作为LTE基站天线的单元。二、接着对宽带微带天线单元进行了研究,仿真了一种宽带双U型槽微带贴片天线。在0.7-1.05GHz内,天线的电压驻波小于2,相对阻抗带宽为40%。此外,研制了一款宽带圆形双极化天线振子,实验结果表明,其阻抗带宽为1650-2250MHz (S11-10dB),端口隔离度小于-25dB。三、采用了一种电磁偶极子天线并分别进行了E面及H面组阵,设计并实现了垂直及水平两种极化方式的天线阵列。组阵过程中采用via去耦及多级宽带功分网络等方法,解决了宽带功分网络及天线单元之间的互耦对阵列性能的影响。对两种天线阵列进行了PCB版图绘制、天线阵列结构图绘制、天线安装及天线阵列匹配调试及测试等工作。实测结果与仿真结果一致,阻抗带宽可达1710-2690MHz (VSWR1.5),辐射方向图及增益满足设计要求,天线阵列可用于LTE基站天线。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of modern mobile communication system, LTE-A long Term Evolution-Advanced (long term evolution) system has put forward higher requirements for the performance of base station antenna. The electromagnetic dipole antenna and the half-wave oscillator fed by Barron have wide impedance bandwidth and stable radiation pattern and gain in the working band. Therefore, it is suitable for the LTE base station antenna. In this paper, the dual-polarization antenna fed by Barron structure is widely studied for the broadband electromagnetic dipole antenna and double-U-slot microstrip antenna. Then, the E plane and H plane of the electromagnetic dipole antenna which is combined with an electric dipole and a butterfly type slot microstrip antenna are used to group the E plane and the H plane, respectively. The vertical and horizontal polarization antenna arrays are realized. The effect of the mutual coupling between the power division network and the antenna elements on the array performance is studied. The key technologies such as decoupling mode and broadband power distribution network design are explored, and two kinds of antenna arrays are processed, installed, debugged and tested. The main work of this paper is as follows: 1. Firstly, an electromagnetic dipole antenna is designed by adding electric dipole on the basis of the butterfly bend slot antenna. The test results agree well with the simulation results, and the results show that, The impedance bandwidth of the antenna is increased from 2.7% of the butterfly bend slot antenna to 26.2and the wideband characteristic is realized. Then, the electromagnetic dipole antenna, which is combined with the Bow-shaped slot microstrip antenna and the electric dipole, is fabricated, and the measured results are in good agreement with the simulation results. The impedance bandwidth is 1.7-2.7 GHz VSWR 1.4, and the in-band gain and pattern are stable and can be used as elements of the LTE base station antenna. Secondly, the broadband microstrip antenna unit is studied, and a broadband dual-U slot microstrip patch antenna is simulated. In the range of 0.7-1.05GHz, The voltage standing wave of the antenna is less than 2, and the relative impedance bandwidth is 40. In addition, a broadband circular dual-polarization antenna dipole is developed. The experimental results show that the impedance bandwidth is 1650-2250 MHz / s 11-10 dB, and the port isolation is less than -25 dB. A kind of electromagnetic dipole antenna is adopted and the E plane and H plane arrays are carried out respectively. The antenna arrays with vertical and horizontal polarization modes are designed and realized. Via decoupling and multistage broadband power division network are used in the array process. The influence of mutual coupling between wideband power distribution network and antenna elements on array performance is solved. The PCB layout of two kinds of antenna arrays and antenna array structure are drawn. The measured results are in agreement with the simulation results. The impedance bandwidth can reach 1710-2690MHz VSWR 1.5. The radiation pattern and gain can meet the design requirements. The antenna array can be used for the LTE base station antenna.
【学位授予单位】：东南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TN828.6

【相似文献】