车联网中可靠路由协议的研究

发布时间：2018-03-06 12:02

本文选题：车联网　切入点：路由协议　出处：《长沙理工大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：车联网作为智能交通系统的一个重要组成部分,研究它对于改善交通状况和提高人们的出行安全具有较高的应用意义,车联网中节点具有高速移动和易受环境影响等特点,使得设计高效、可靠的路由协议变得困难和富于挑战性。在城市场景下,障碍物的存在对网络的分割和引起的隐藏终端问题,都是在设计路由协议时需要重点考虑的问题。本文研究了城市中不同场景下车联网广播路由协议,分析了其优缺点,在具有复杂道路状况的城市场景下,针对节点稀疏导致网络不连通的问题,提出了一种新的城市广播路由协议MBP (Moderate Broadcast Protocol)。dBP协议主要包括以下三点：(1)负责存储--携带--转发任务的节点不止一个,保证数据包多方向转发；(2)分配存储--携带--转发任务的节点转发信息的次数不止一次,防止数据包一次转发失败而丢弃；(3)提出了防范十字交叉口广播风暴的抑制机制,减少网络中冗余数据包的传输,优化网络资源。通过以上三点保证了非连通区域通信的可靠性。MBP协议是分布式的且无需基础设施辅助的广播协议,不仅适用于连通网络也适用于非连通网络。本文使用网络仿真工具NS2和节点移动模型仿真器VanetMobiSim进行模拟仿真,生成比较接近真实车辆移动轨迹的运动场景,将所提出来的协议和MFlood协议进行比较,在不同节点密度下,分别就网络可达性、接收距离、传输开销和接收开销四个性能指标进行仿真,且在manhattan模型和接近真实城市场景下进行仿真,仿真结果表明所提出来的协议性能较稳定,传输性能得到提高。
[Abstract]:As an important part of Intelligent Transportation system (its), vehicle networking has high application significance for improving traffic conditions and improving people's travel safety. The nodes in vehicle networking have the characteristics of high speed movement and easy to be affected by the environment. It is difficult and challenging to design efficient and reliable routing protocols. In urban scenarios, the presence of obstacles causes network segmentation and hidden terminal problems. In this paper, we study the routing protocols in different scenarios of the city and analyze their advantages and disadvantages. In order to solve the problem of network disconnection caused by sparse nodes, a new urban broadcast routing protocol, MBP moderate Broadcast Protocol).dBP, is proposed, which mainly includes the following three points: 1) more than one node responsible for storing, carrying and forwarding tasks. To ensure the multi-direction forwarding of data packets (2) the node that distributes storage-carrying-forward task forwards the information more than once, and prevents the packet from being sent once and then discards the data packet.) it proposes a mechanism to prevent the broadcast storm at cross intersection. Reducing the transmission of redundant data packets in the network and optimizing the network resources. The reliability of the communication in the disconnected area is guaranteed by the above three points. MBP protocol is a distributed broadcast protocol that does not require infrastructure assistance. This paper uses the network simulation tool NS2 and the node movement model simulator VanetMobiSim to simulate and simulate the motion scene, which is close to the real vehicle movement trajectory, not only for the connected network, but also for the disconnected network. The proposed protocol is compared with the MFlood protocol. Under different node densities, the performance indexes of network accessibility, receiving distance, transmission overhead and reception overhead are simulated, respectively. The simulation results under the manhattan model and near real city scenario show that the proposed protocol is stable and the transmission performance is improved.
【学位授予单位】：长沙理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN915.04;TP391.44;U495

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