基于链路性能和多跳传输的WSN分簇路由研究

发布时间：2018-03-08 12:19

本文选题：无线传感器网络　切入点：分簇　出处：《西安电子科技大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：无线传感器网络(Wireless Sensor Network, WSN)是由大量能量有限的微型传感器节点组成,通过无线通信的方式形成的自组织网络。无线传感器网络的节点基本靠电池供电,因而能量有限,而且一般来讲节点没有替换和能量再供给的可能性或者必要性,因此节能成了当前设计无线传感器网络路由算法的首要考虑因素。而无线传感器网络以数据为中心的特点,对数据的可靠性传输也提出了更高的要求。论文首先介绍了WSN的体系结构、传感器节点、特点及应用；其次,给出了WSN中低能量自适应分簇分层(low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy, LEACH)路由协议的基本思想、工作过程,以及存在的问题,并探讨了改进的策略,包括改变分簇条件和改变传输机制等；第三,提出了一种基于链路性能的分簇路由算法,该算法将节点的剩余能量和节点到基站之间链路的丢包率以及传输速率加入了簇首的选择条件中,目的是选择出剩余能量较大而且链路性能较好的节点作为簇首,从而使得网络中节点的耗能更加均衡,延长了网络的寿命,保证了数据更为可靠地传输。MATLAB仿真验证表明该算法有效地均衡了各节点的能耗,并且基站接收到的有效数据也增加了,这种算法延长了网络的生命周期,为无线传感器网络的路由设计提供了参考；第四,提出了一种在多跳传输中选择下一跳转发节点的方式,综合考虑了转发节点的剩余能量以及与原节点的距离,并通过将网络区域划分成多层的方式来选取较小层数中剩余能量和与原节点距离之比的最大值节点作为下一跳转发节点,这样保证了所选的下一跳节点在距离和剩余能量上是一个较优值。仿真结果证明,该方法有效均衡了各节点的耗能,使得网络的生命周期得到了延长；最后,对全文进行总结,并展望了下一步工作。
[Abstract]:Wireless Sensor Network (WSNs) is a self-organizing network formed by wireless communication, which is composed of a large number of micro-sensor nodes with limited energy. The nodes of wireless sensor networks are basically powered by batteries, so their energy is limited. Generally speaking, nodes have no possibility or necessity of replacement and energy resupply, so energy saving is the primary consideration in the design of routing algorithms for wireless sensor networks, and wireless sensor networks are data-centric. At first, the paper introduces the architecture of WSN, sensor nodes, characteristics and applications. In this paper, the basic idea, working process and existing problems of low energy adaptive clustering energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (Leech) routing protocol for WSN are presented, and the improved strategies are discussed, including changing clustering conditions and transmission mechanisms. A cluster-based routing algorithm based on link performance is proposed, in which the residual energy of the node, the packet loss rate and the transmission rate between the node and the base station are added to the selection condition of the cluster head. The purpose of this paper is to select the nodes with high residual energy and good link performance as cluster heads, so that the energy consumption of nodes in the network is more balanced and the lifetime of the network is prolonged. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively balance the energy consumption of each node, and the effective data received by the base station is increased, which prolongs the lifetime of the network. It provides a reference for the routing design of wireless sensor networks. 4th, a way to select the next hop forwarding node in multi-hop transmission is proposed, considering the residual energy of the forwarding node and the distance from the original node. By dividing the network area into multiple layers, the maximum node of the residual energy and the ratio of the distance to the original node is selected as the next hop forwarding node. The simulation results show that the proposed method can effectively balance the energy consumption of each node and prolong the network life cycle. The future work is prospected.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TP212.9;TN929.5

【相似文献】