宽角覆盖圆极化天线研究

发布时间：2018-03-09 18:04

本文选题：卫星通信　切入点：宽角　出处：《西安电子科技大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：卫星通讯系统在国防工业和民用经济领域发挥着不可替代的重要作用,随着现代信息化的快速发展,许多国家都建立了基于本国技术保障的卫星通信系统,包括导航卫星系统、探测卫星系统、中继卫星系统等等。在这些卫星通讯系统中,为了保证所传递的信息的可靠性,都需要对应用于其中的天线做全方位的考虑与研究。本文主要研究了可应用于机载或车载卫星通信系统的宽角覆盖圆极化天线。考虑到应用环境的特殊性,本文采用圆锥螺旋这种立体结构来实现宽角度的圆极化覆盖特性。首先,本文详细的论述了本课题的研究背景,全面叙述了本课题面临的研究难点和其研究价值,简要介绍了可应用于机载或车载卫星通信领域的宽角覆盖圆极化天线的国外研究现状。其次,介绍了非频变螺旋天线和四臂螺旋天线这两种常见的螺旋结构的基本理论,随后系统的阐述了可以和这两种螺旋结构相配合的宽带馈电结构的理论基础。在掌握这些理论的基础上,按照设计指标要求同时全面考虑了环境的影响,设计了两种可应用于机载或车载的宽角覆盖圆极化天线。一、根据非频变螺旋天线和宽带巴伦结构理论基础,设计了一副双臂螺旋天线,实现了宽波束、小型化和宽频带性能。二、根据四臂螺旋天线原理,设计了圆锥形四臂螺旋天线,并对功分、移相网络和天线进行了一体化设计。在实现宽波束和小型化特性的基础上,进一步改善了后瓣特性。论文首先对天线进行了模拟仿真分析,其次根据优化后的天线模型加工和安装了天线样件,最后测量了天线样件的主要电性能。对比计算机仿真和样件测试的结果可知,所设计的天线可以满足工程需要。
[Abstract]:Satellite communication systems play an irreplaceable role in the fields of national defense industry and civil economy. With the rapid development of modern information technology, many countries have established satellite communication systems based on their own technology support, including navigation satellite systems. Detection satellite systems, relay satellite systems, etc. In these satellite communication systems, in order to ensure the reliability of the information transmitted, In this paper, we mainly study the wide-angle coverage circular polarization antenna which can be used in the airborne or vehicle-borne satellite communication system. Considering the particularity of the application environment, In this paper, the conical helix is used to realize the circular polarization coverage with wide angle. Firstly, the research background of this topic is discussed in detail, and the research difficulties and its research value are described. This paper briefly introduces the research status of wide-angle coverage circularly polarized antenna which can be used in the field of airborne or vehicle-borne satellite communication. Secondly, the basic theories of non-frequency variable helical antenna and four-arm helical antenna are introduced. Then the theoretical basis of the broadband feed structure which can be matched with these two spiral structures is systematically expounded. On the basis of mastering these theories, the influence of the environment is considered comprehensively according to the requirements of the design index. Two kinds of wide-angle coverage circularly polarized antennas are designed for airborne or vehicle-borne applications. Firstly, according to the theory of non-frequency variable helical antennas and broadband Barron structure, a pair of dual-arm helical antennas is designed, and a wide beam is realized. Secondly, according to the principle of four-arm helical antenna, the conical four-arm spiral antenna is designed, and the power division, phase-shift network and antenna are integrated. On the basis of realizing the characteristics of wide beam and miniaturization, the conical four-arm helical antenna is designed. The characteristics of the back lobe are further improved. Firstly, the antenna is simulated and analyzed, and then the antenna sample is fabricated and installed according to the optimized antenna model. Finally, the main electrical properties of the antenna sample are measured, and the results of computer simulation and sample test show that the designed antenna can meet the engineering needs.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN821.1

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