Vivaldi天线RCS减缩技术研究

发布时间：2018-03-10 01:07

本文选题：雷达截面　切入点：Vivaldi天线　出处：《西安电子科技大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在当今高科技信息化战争中,隐身设计作为重要组成部分,对未来武器装备的生存力和作战效能有着重要而深远的意义。雷达已经成为目前最为有效的能够探测远程电子设备的仪器,其主要工作原理是根据发射雷达波照射到雷达目标后反射回来的能量来预测目标的存在同时判断目标的大致位置。隐身技术设计主要以减小雷达截面为目的,要求己方设备在敌方的探测雷达下保持较低的可观性。对于机载隐身平台而言,作为平面结构的Vivaldi天线,成为当今隐身飞机相控阵雷达天线单元的首选方案。虽然Vivaldi天线已经具有较低的雷达截面,但是仍不能满足低可见平台的设计需要。本文主要从研究Vivaldi天线的辐射和散射特性出发,在保证其辐射性能基本不受影响的基础上,采用不同手段对其RCS进行减缩研究。主要内容如下所示:1.讨论传统Vivaldi天线工作原理及设计思路,同时设计一款双层Vivaldi天线。在保证天线工作带宽的基础上,高频增益特性有明显的改善。同时,对该该天线的辐射和散射特性进行研究,总结在各角域和频段入射波照射下的散射机理和特性。2.在分析了Vivaldi天线的辐射和散射机理的前提下,通过在Vivaldi天线辐射贴片蚀刻CSRR结构,使得在部分工作频段的天线RCS得到明显的减缩效果。然而,该方案仅对入射波极化为θ极化,入射角度为斜入射(10°~75°)情况下有一定的减缩效果,且结构较为复杂;针对上述缺陷,在不破坏辐射单元上电流分布的情况下,通过改变辐射贴片的外形设计出了一种低RCS的Vivaldi天线。相比于常规的Vivaldi天线,在较宽的频段实现了有效的RCS减缩。3.为了使Vivaldi天线在整个工作频段实现有效地RCS减缩,论文提出了在天线介质基板采用加载PBG(光子带隙)结构设计,同时结合辐射贴片边缘修形的方案,从而实现该天线在整个频段内雷达截面的有效控制。从而,能在一定程度上解决天线良好辐射性能与低RCS之间的矛盾。
[Abstract]:In today's high-tech information warfare, as an important part of the stealth design, has important and far-reaching significance to the survival and future operational effectiveness of weapon equipment. The radar has become the most instruments can detect remote electronic equipment effectively, the main principle is to approximate position according to the emission of radar wave irradiation to radar targets the reflected energy to predict the target exist at the same time judging target. The stealth technology designed to reduce radar cross section for the purpose of keeping low requirements of one's own equipment can be in view of the enemy's radar for airborne stealth platform, as Vivaldi antenna planar structure, become the preferred solution for the phased array radar antenna stealth aircraft unit. Although the Vivaldi antenna has a low radar cross section, but still can not meet the needs of the design of low visible platform. This paper Mainly from the radiation and scattering characteristics of Vivaldi antenna based on foundation of the radiation performance is hardly affected by the reduction of the RCS study, using different methods. The main contents are as follows: 1. discuss the traditional Vivaldi antenna working principle and design ideas, and to design a double Vivaldi antenna. Based on the antenna the working bandwidth, improved high frequency gain characteristics. At the same time, to study the radiation and scattering characteristics of the antenna, summarizes the.2. scattering mechanism and characteristics in the angular domain and frequency of incident wave irradiation in the basis of analyzing the radiation and scattering mechanism of Vivaldi antenna, the antenna radiation patch in Vivaldi the etching CSRR structure, which makes the obvious reduction in antenna part RCS working frequency. However, the scheme is only the polarization of incident wave polarization incident angle theta, for oblique incidence (10 degrees ~75 degrees ) have certain reduction condition, and the structure is more complex; in view of the above defects, without damaging the radiation unit current distribution, through the design change of radiation patch, a Vivaldi antenna with low RCS. Compared to the conventional Vivaldi antenna, in a wide frequency band to achieve the effective RCS in order to make the Vivaldi antenna.3. reduction effectively RCS reduction in the whole frequency band, the paper proposed using PBG loaded on the antenna substrate (PBG) structure design, combined with the radiation patch edge modification scheme, so as to achieve effective control in the whole frequency range of the radar cross section of the antenna. Thus, to solve the contradiction between the antenna has good radiation performance and low RCS in a certain extent.

【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN957.2

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