无线传感器网络节点休眠调度方法研究

发布时间：2018-03-10 11:11

本文选题：无线传感器网络　切入点：网络生命周期　出处：《燕山大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：无线传感器网络（Wireless Sensor Networks, WSNs）是由大量的静止或移动的传感器以自组织和多跳的方式构成的无线网络。由于其具有部署简单、布置密集、低成本和无需现场维护等优点，因而被广泛用于国防军事、环境监测、交通管理、医疗卫生、反恐抗灾等领域。在实际应用中，为保证无线传感器网络的服务质量，会在目标监测区域内部署大量的传感器节点，这种部署方式会造成节点间的冗余、信道冲突，，严重影响无线传感器网络的生命周期。因此，如何在不影响网络连通性、覆盖率等网络服务质量的情况下延长网络生命周期成无线传感器网络研究的重点。目前最常见也是最直接的解决方法就是节点休眠调度方法，即利用网络部署的冗余性，通过保持冗余节点休眠，节省节点能耗，延长网络生命周期。针对上述问题，借鉴已有的节点休眠调度方法，本文开展了以下研究：首先，提出基于网格划分的节点休眠调度方法。该方法利用网格划分调度策略，对给定目标区域大小和节点通信半径的网络进行划分，以保证网格间传感器节点的连通性；在此基础上，执行网格内节点休眠调度机制，延长网络生命周期。然后，提出基于容忍覆盖的混合无线传感器网络节点休眠调度方法。该方法根据节点的感知半径与通信半径，确定各类型节点冗余度表；随后根据冗余度表和邻居节点数计算出每类节点的冗余度，并将其与目标覆盖率进行比较得到冗余节点判断法则；最后根据该法则关闭冗余节点、实现延长网络生命周期的目的。最后，针对不同的参数进行了大量的仿真实验，实验结果表明本文提出的两种节点休眠调度方法能够有效地降低网络的能量消耗，延长网络生命周期。
[Abstract]:Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is a wireless network composed of a large number of static or mobile sensors in a self-organized and multi-hop manner. It has the advantages of simple deployment, dense arrangement, low cost and no need for on-site maintenance. Therefore, it is widely used in defense, military, environmental monitoring, traffic management, health, anti-terrorism and other fields. In practical applications, in order to ensure the quality of service of wireless sensor networks, a large number of sensor nodes will be deployed in the target monitoring area, which will result in redundant nodes and channel conflicts. Seriously affect the lifetime of wireless sensor networks. Therefore, how to do without affecting network connectivity, The most common and direct solution for wireless sensor networks is to extend the life cycle of wireless sensor networks under the condition of network coverage and other QoS. The most common and direct solution is node dormancy scheduling, that is, using the redundancy of network deployment. By keeping redundant nodes dormant, saving energy consumption and prolonging the network life cycle, the following researches are carried out in this paper, aiming at the above problems and referring to the existing node dormancy scheduling methods:. Firstly, a node dormancy scheduling method based on grid partitioning is proposed, which uses the grid partition scheduling strategy to partition the network with given target area size and node communication radius, so as to ensure the connectivity of sensor nodes between grids. On this basis, the grid node sleep scheduling mechanism is implemented to prolong the network life cycle. Then, a hybrid wireless sensor network node sleep scheduling method based on tolerance coverage is proposed, which determines the redundancy tables of each type of nodes according to the node's perceptual radius and communication radius. Then, the redundancy degree of each class of nodes is calculated according to the redundancy table and the number of neighbor nodes, and compared with the target coverage, the judgment rule of redundant nodes is obtained. Finally, the redundant nodes are closed according to this rule. The purpose of prolonging the network life cycle is realized. Finally, a large number of simulation experiments are carried out for different parameters. The experimental results show that the two node sleep scheduling methods proposed in this paper can effectively reduce the energy consumption of the network and prolong the network life cycle.
【学位授予单位】：燕山大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TP212.9;TN929.5

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