GSM-R系统运行网络干扰实时监测研究与应用

发布时间：2018-03-10 19:51

本文选题：高速铁路　切入点：无线通信　出处：《西华大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国铁路主管部门于2000年正式确定并全面引入欧洲GSM-R技术进行组网建设以来,截至2013年底,我国高速铁路营业里程己经达到1万多公里,已成为世界上高铁系统技术最全、集成能力最强、运营速度最高、运营里程最长、在建规模最大的国家。GSM-R网络的运用也随之广泛应用。但随着电信、联通、移动等运营商网络的不断发展、网络密度的增加、低成本设备的使用(指标劣化严重),以及其他无线设施的广泛应用(甚至非法使用),使得铁路GSM-R网络周边电磁环境日益复杂,存在从少数几个热点到全线路扩散的趋势。非法电磁环境严重干扰了正常的高铁运营秩序、危及行车安全,甚至对铁路形象造成较大的负面影响。铁路局,特别是有高铁运营维护任务的铁路局,更是迫切需要对GSM-R网络周边电磁干扰进行实时监测、定位,保持GSM-R网络运营良好的电磁环境,同时对铁塔状态进行实时监测,从而保持铁路无线通信设备正常运用、行车安全有效,在这样一个背景下,研究开发一套GSM-R实时干扰监测系统成为必要。本文在该系统的开发中主要对GSM-R网络在线干扰监测技术进行了研究,并对该技术进行了试验验证。对网络干扰监测技术及实时性的研究,主要是通过前端设备对GSM-R上行频率为885 MHz~889 MHz、下行频率为930 MHz~934 MHz,共8M带宽内的信号,包括该带宽内运营商(中国移动,中国联通,中国电信)的信号进行不间断、长时间实时在线式的连续监测、网络数据收集、频谱扫描和分析,在基站实时侦测和扑捉(24小时)并记录、存储所有的接收信号,采用同步信号解析的方法解调和分离干扰信号和GSM-R信号并加以测量,得出干扰信号的强度和方向,角度,利用天线的方向的指向性等特性,采用多维定向,再置于两个基站同时定位确认干扰源位置,以实现预警和告警。在试验验证中,采用干扰测试机进行模拟范围干扰,然后使用便携式频谱仪进行扫描,和该系统实时扫描结果进行比对,以验证在中心平台(软件界面)收集到的上下行频谱段中的有效信号、干扰信号,其总体幅度与频谱仪所测是否保持一致,最终确定系统是否可实时测得现场频谱。通过以上对GSM-R在线干扰监测技术的研究及现场试验验证,证实了在该技术支撑下的系统工作稳定可靠、能实时监测GSM-R频段内的干扰信号,能实现对电磁环境情况进行远程监督和判断,且本系统排查干扰的过程无需关闭GSM-R基站,不会对铁路的正常运营和安全造成影响,克服以往人工在现场守候扑捉干扰效率低和准确率低的问题,提升了基层单位日常维护工作效率,创造了较好的安全效益和经济效益,具有良好的推广应用前景。
[Abstract]:Since 2000, when the competent railway authorities of our country formally confirmed and fully introduced European GSM-R technology for networking construction, as of end of 2013, the operating mileage of China's high-speed railway has reached more than 10,000 kilometers, which has become the most complete high-speed rail system technology in the world. The most powerful integration capability, the highest operating speed, the longest mileage, the largest scale of construction in the country, GSM-R network is also widely used. However, with the continuous development of telecom, Unicom, mobile and other operator networks, the network density increases. The use of low-cost equipment (severe deterioration of indicators, and widespread (or even illegal) use of other wireless facilities has made the electromagnetic environment around the railway GSM-R network increasingly complex. There is a trend from a few hot spots to the spread of the whole line. The illegal electromagnetic environment seriously interferes with the normal order of high-speed rail operation, endangers the safety of the train, and even causes a greater negative impact on the image of the railway. In particular, the railway bureau, which has the task of high-speed railway operation and maintenance, urgently needs to monitor and locate the electromagnetic interference around the GSM-R network in real time, so as to maintain a good electromagnetic environment for the operation of the GSM-R network, and at the same time to monitor the status of the iron tower in real time. In order to maintain the normal operation of railway wireless communication equipment and the safety and efficiency of driving, under such a background, It is necessary to research and develop a set of GSM-R real-time jamming monitoring system. In this paper, the on-line interference monitoring technology of GSM-R network is studied. The research of network interference monitoring technology and real-time performance is mainly that the uplink frequency of GSM-R is 885 MHz~889 MHz, the downlink frequency is 930 MHz~934 MHz, and the signal of 8M bandwidth is the downlink frequency of 930 MHz~934 MHz. Including continuous, real-time, on-line monitoring, network data collection, spectrum scanning and analysis of signals from operators (China Mobile, China Unicom, China Telecom) within the bandwidth. Real time detection and capture at the base station for 24 hours) and recording, storing all the received signals, demodulating and separating the interference signals and GSM-R signals by the method of synchronous signal analysis and measuring them, the intensity, direction and angle of the interference signals are obtained. In order to realize early warning and alarm, using the directional characteristic of antenna and multi-dimensional orientation, the interference source is located and confirmed by two base stations at the same time. In the test and verification, the interference testing machine is used to simulate the range interference. Then the portable spectrometer is used to scan and compare with the real-time scanning results of the system to verify the effective signals and interference signals collected in the upper and lower spectrum segments of the central platform (software interface). The overall amplitude of the system is consistent with that measured by the spectrometer, and it is determined whether the system can measure the field spectrum in real time. Through the above research on GSM-R on-line interference monitoring technology and field test verification, It is proved that the system under the support of this technology works stably and reliably, can monitor the interference signal in the GSM-R frequency band in real time, can realize the remote supervision and judgment of the electromagnetic environment, and the system does not need to close the GSM-R base station in the process of detecting the interference. It will not affect the normal operation and safety of the railway, overcome the problems of low efficiency and low accuracy rate in the past, improve the daily maintenance efficiency of grass-roots units, and create better safety and economic benefits. It has a good prospect of popularization and application.
【学位授予单位】：西华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN929.5

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