一种基于FPGA的无线通信系统设计与实现

发布时间：2018-03-11 19:40

本文选题：MIMO　切入点：OFDM　出处：《青岛理工大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着科技水平的不断提高，无线通信作为现代通信领域中重要的通信方式取得了迅猛的发展。然而伴随着社会的进步，人们对无线通信的需求也在不断地提高。为了满足社会的需求，无线通信技术以更快的速度在发展着，各种新技术也不断地被提出。不同的技术适用于不同的通信环境，当通信环境改变时，就需要重新设计一套新的通信系统，且采用不同通信技术的通信系统之间的通信也变得非常复杂。传统的解决方案是为各个通信系统设计专用的多模多频芯片，但专用芯片往往不能适用于其他通信环境，开发进度慢、成本高、通用性差。因此对无线通信技术及无线通信系统的研究有着重要的意义。本文研究了无线通信系统中的几个主流的通信技术包括OFDM技术、MIMO技术和智能天线技术，根据三种技术的特点，提出了一种融合了三种技术的解决方案，该融合技术方案抑制了每种技术单独使用存在的缺点。融合技术方案中提出了一种空间平滑的快速子空间算法用以估计波达角，此算法保证了对相干信号的有效识别，同时进行了二次降维，大大降低了算法的复杂度，提高了识别的速度。利用FPGA的可重置性，运用模块化思想，设计出了一种基于FPGA的无线通信系统。该系统采用以OFDM技术为核心的技术方案，由可数字重配或可替换模块组成，因此可以进行灵活的配置，，从而能够适应各种不同的通信环境和不同的通信系统。本文以工作在2.4GHz频段的通信系统为例，设计实现了系统的各个模块，包括天线发射接收部分、上下变频部分、数模/模数转换部分、FPGA发射与接收的编码与调制等部分。实验测试结果表明各个模块能够实现相应的功能达到了设计的要求。模块化的设计思想使本文所设计的无线通信系统具有灵活、方便、适应性强的特点，但系统模块较多，易用性和稳定性有待提高。因此，该系统适用于某个通信环境下的方案验证和临时通信。
[Abstract]:With the continuous improvement of science and technology, wireless communication as an important communication mode in the field of modern communications has made rapid development. However, with the progress of society, The demand for wireless communication is also increasing. In order to meet the needs of society, wireless communication technology is developing at a faster speed, and various new technologies are constantly being put forward. Different technologies are suitable for different communication environments. When the communication environment changes, a new communication system needs to be redesigned. The traditional solution is to design a special multi-mode multi-frequency chip for each communication system, but the special chip can not be used in other communication environment. The development progress is slow, the cost is high, and the generality is poor, so the research on wireless communication technology and wireless communication system is of great significance. This paper studies several mainstream communication technologies in wireless communication system, including OFDM technology and smart antenna technology. According to the characteristics of the three technologies, a solution that combines three technologies is proposed. The proposed fusion scheme overcomes the shortcomings of each technique used separately. In the fusion scheme, a fast subspace algorithm of spatial smoothing is proposed to estimate the DOA, which ensures the efficient recognition of coherent signals. At the same time, the second dimension reduction is carried out, which greatly reduces the complexity of the algorithm and improves the speed of recognition. A wireless communication system based on FPGA is designed. The system is composed of digital reconfigurable or replaceable modules, which is based on OFDM technology, so it can be configured flexibly. Thus it can adapt to different communication environments and different communication systems. Taking the communication system working at 2.4 GHz as an example, this paper designs and implements various modules of the system, including antenna transmitting and receiving part, up-down conversion part, and so on. The digital to analog / analog-to-digital conversion part includes the coding and modulation of FPGA transmission and reception. The experimental results show that each module can achieve the corresponding functions to meet the requirements of the design. The design idea of modularization makes the wireless communication system designed in this paper have the characteristics of flexibility, convenience and strong adaptability, but the system has many modules and needs to be improved in ease of use and stability. The system is suitable for scheme verification and temporary communication in a communication environment.
【学位授予单位】：青岛理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN92

【参考文献】