基于ZigBee的无线智能路灯系统研究

发布时间：2018-03-12 19:05

本文选题：ZigBee网络　切入点：智能路灯　出处：《北京交通大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着我国城市化水平的不断提高,城市的路灯照明系统不断扩大,然而,由于恶劣天气情况的影响,时常出现断电、供电量不足等问题,同时,节约电能、提高路灯控制器的使用率,已经是城市路灯照明系统急需解决的问题。目前各大城市的路灯能源利用率普遍不高,路灯电费高昂,增加了管理和使用单位的经济负担,而传统路灯控制器存在着智能化程度低、通讯稳定程度差、管理控制不方便、路面照度分布不均等问题。本课题设计的无线智能路灯系统,采用ZigBee无线自组织网络技术,可以实现路灯节能控制系统的智能化、信息化,而且具有可靠性高、成本低的优势。本系统由三部分组成：上位机系统管理软件、无线路灯网关和无线路灯控制器。无线路灯网关作为ZigBee网络协调器,可安置在监控机房,一方面负责ZigBee网络的建立和配置,另一方面通过以太网与上位机连接,实时反馈网络状态和接收上位机控制指令。无线路灯控制器作为ZigBee网络路由器,安置在灯杆内部,可对照明电路电压、电流、功率等参数进行监测,并控制路灯的智能开启和关闭。在ZigBee网络中,它的功能是允许其他设备加入网络和多跳路由维护。论文首先介绍了课题研究背景、研究状况以及目的和意义；其次分析了ZigBee技术标准,ZigBee网络的设备类型,详细介绍了ZigBee协议层组成,包括物理层、介质访问控制层、网络层和应用层；接着进行无线路灯智能系统总体设计,研究了系统网络拓扑、路由协议等,本系统采用网状网,Cluser-Tree算法和AODVjr算法相结合的路由协议,并在NS2平台上进行了仿真分析,结果表明,重新设计的智能路灯路由协议性能优于前两者；随后设计了基于CC2530的ZigBee射频模块,给出了原理图和PCB设计中的注意事项；接着,进行ZigBee协议栈的软件开发,重点研究了Z-Stack协议栈的各个模块和运行机制,设计了ZigBee模块的启动流程,并且实现了API接口的功能开发；最后在陕西渭南进行系统安装和测试,共安装控制器93个,其中1个无线路灯网关,92个无线路灯控制器,实际运行结果表明系统运行良好,具有很高的推广价值。
[Abstract]:With the development of urbanization in our country, the streetlight lighting system in cities is expanding. However, due to the bad weather conditions, there are problems such as power outage, insufficient power supply and so on. At the same time, electricity is saved. Increasing the utilization rate of streetlight controllers is an urgent problem for the urban streetlight lighting system. At present, the energy efficiency of street lamps in major cities is generally low, and the electricity consumption of street lamps is high, which increases the economic burden of the management and use units. The traditional street lamp controller has the problems of low intelligence, poor communication stability, inconvenient management and control, uneven distribution of road illumination. The wireless intelligent street lamp system designed in this paper adopts ZigBee wireless ad hoc network technology, which can realize the intelligent, information and high reliability of the street lamp energy saving control system. The system consists of three parts: upper computer system management software, wireless street lamp gateway and wireless street lamp controller. As ZigBee network coordinator, wireless street lamp gateway can be placed in the monitor room. On the one hand, it is responsible for the establishment and configuration of the ZigBee network, on the other hand, it connects with the host computer through Ethernet, feedback the network status and receives the control instructions of the host computer in real time. As the ZigBee network router, the wireless street lamp controller is placed inside the lamp pole. It can monitor the voltage, current, power and other parameters of the lighting circuit, and control the intelligent turn on and off of the street lamp. In ZigBee network, its function is to allow other devices to join the network and multi-hop route maintenance. Firstly, this paper introduces the research background, research status, purpose and significance, then analyzes the device types of ZigBee technical standard ZigBee network, and introduces the composition of ZigBee protocol layer in detail, including physical layer, medium access control layer. Network layer and application layer, then the overall design of wireless streetlight intelligent system is carried out, and the network topology, routing protocol and so on are studied. The system adopts the routing protocol which combines Cluser-Tree algorithm and AODVjr algorithm. The simulation analysis on NS2 platform shows that the redesigned intelligent street lamp routing protocol outperforms the former two. Then, the ZigBee RF module based on CC2530 is designed, and the schematic diagram and the matters needing attention in the PCB design are given. The software development of ZigBee protocol stack is carried out, and the various modules and operation mechanism of Z-Stack protocol stack are studied, the startup flow of ZigBee module is designed, and the function development of API interface is realized. Finally, the system installation and test are carried out in Weinan, Shaanxi Province. A total of 93 controllers are installed, including 1 wireless street lamp gateway and 92 wireless street lamp controllers. The actual operation results show that the system is running well and has high popularization value.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM923.5;TN92

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