基于散射中心模型的复杂目标射频仿真

发布时间：2018-03-14 11:29

本文选题：雷达散射截面　切入点：散射中心　出处：《南京航空航天大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目标电磁散射特性的研究与分析一直是射频仿真领域的重要研究内容之一,随着高分辨率雷达技术的不断发展与应用,国内外对复杂目标的强散射源提取及分析越来越重视。通过对复杂目标的散射中心模型进行数值化提取,不仅有助于深入理解其复杂的电磁散射机制,而且在目标识别及雷达目标回波模拟系统中有着重要的作用。如何有效地获取目标电磁散射数据是散射中心技术研究的关键。本文以高频电磁计算理论为基础,利用图形电磁计算法预估电大尺寸目标的雷达散射截面(RCS),讨论了物理光学法(PO)、等效电磁流法(MEC)及物理绕射理论(PTD)等高频计算方法及其建模的具体流程,其中包括复杂目标的棱边识别与模型渲染等关键技术。然后,给出了几种典型目标的点频、宽带RCS计算实例,并分析目标宽带RCS在高分辨率距离像(HRRP)中的应用。在此基础上,本文重点研究了基于几何绕射理论(GTD)模型的雷达目标散射中心提取方法,将状态空间法(SSA)用于一维GTD模型的散射中心参数提取,并提出了一种散射类型判断的新方法,仿真结果表明此方法有良好的抗噪性能。为了将目标散射中心拓展到二维平面上,本文利用二维增广矩阵束法(2D-MEMP)及其修正法实现二维GTD模型的散射中心参数提取。相比于前者,修正后的方法针对二维位置参数的配对更为准确。最后,研究了散射中心技术在RCS数据压缩拟合中的应用,以简洁的散射中心参数代替大量的电磁散射数据。各种仿真结果表明,基于本文研究的目标特性建模及提取方法有较高的精度和应用价值。
[Abstract]:The study and analysis of electromagnetic scattering characteristics of target has been one of the important research contents in the field of RF simulation. With the development and application of high resolution radar technology, More and more attention has been paid to the extraction and analysis of the strong scattering sources of complex targets at home and abroad. The numerical extraction of the scattering center model of complex targets is not only helpful to understand the complex electromagnetic scattering mechanism deeply. Moreover, it plays an important role in target recognition and radar target echo simulation system. How to obtain the target electromagnetic scattering data effectively is the key to the research of scattering center technology. This paper is based on the theory of high frequency electromagnetic calculation. In this paper, the radar scattering cross section (RCSC) of electrically large size targets is estimated by using the graphic electromagnetic calculation method. The high frequency calculation methods such as the physical optics method (POP), the equivalent electromagnetic current method (EEM) and the physical diffraction theory (PTD) are discussed. Some key techniques, such as edge recognition and model rendering of complex targets, are included. Then, examples of point frequency and wideband RCS calculation of typical targets are given, and the application of target wideband RCS in high resolution range profile (HRRP) is analyzed. In this paper, the method of radar target scattering center extraction based on geometric diffraction theory (GTD) model is studied. The state space method is used to extract the scattering center parameters of one-dimensional GTD model, and a new method to judge the scattering type is proposed. The simulation results show that this method has good anti-noise performance. In order to extend the scattering center of the target to the two-dimensional plane, the two-dimensional augmented matrix beam method (2D-MEMP) and its modified method are used to extract the scattering center parameters of the two-dimensional GTD model. The modified method is more accurate for the matching of two-dimensional position parameters. Finally, the application of scattering center technique in RCS data compression fitting is studied. A large number of electromagnetic scattering data are replaced by simple scattering center parameters. Various simulation results show that the modeling and extraction methods based on the target characteristics studied in this paper have high accuracy and application value.
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN957.52

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