GNSS互操作参数及信号性能研究

发布时间：2018-03-14 23:08

本文选题：GNSS　切入点：互操作　出处：《中国科学院研究生院（国家授时中心）》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着全球卫星导航系统（Global Navigation Satellite System, GNSS）的发展，美国的GPS，俄罗斯的GLONASS，欧盟的Galileo和中国的北斗共同组成了四大卫星导航系统。多系统的建设与迅速发展使得系统间兼容互操作成为未来各系统和平共处、资源共享、加强市场竞争力和提升用户服务质量的必然手段。 GNSS互操作是以提高导航服务质量为目的，以不显著增加接收机研制成本为前提，通过系统间资源共用来实现的。不显著增加接收机成本就应尽可能降低和削弱系统间的差异性，系统间的差异性主要体现在几个方面：时空参考架、电文、信号、星座。本文以GNSS互操作参数及信号性能研究为重点，展开了GNSS互操作的研究，主要研究内容包括： 1、GNSS互操作参数研究 (1) GNSS互操作广播星历参数分析时空坐标参考架是卫星导航系统实现导航定位功能的基础，各系统都设计了独立的时空参考坐标系。解决系统间时空参考系的差异是实现GNSS互操作的前提。本文对各系统的时空参考系进行了分析对比，并提出了各系统时间参考框架应归一化到UTC，坐标参考框架应归一化到ITRF的构想，并介绍了各系统时间转换参数，及使用布尔莎七参数模型进行坐标参考架归一化的思想。另外，本文从伪距观测方程入手，分析用户从卫星广播星历中所能获得的星历信息，对星上设备时延、钟差、电离层延迟的修正方法及广播星历中的修正参数进行了分析研究。 (2) GNSS互操作广播星历精度分析用户从广播星历中获取定位参数，不同的系统广播星历参数不同，那么，分析不同系统广播星历的精度对于提高用户定位精度具有重要意义。本文提出了以系统的广播星历和IGS精密星历之间的误差作为GNSS多系统互操作下的衡量尺度，分析了GPS与北斗系统的广播星历轨道精度、广播星历钟差精度。 (3) GNSS互操作星座GDOP值分析另外，本文对GNSS互操作星座GDOP值进行了分析，选取了五个地点作为参考点，进行了单系统与多系统下的GDOP值对比分析。此研究为GNSS互操作用户提供了一把标尺，为解决系统间差异性提供了研究思路，对于提高用户服务精度具有重要意义。 2、GNSS互操作信号研究 (1) GNSS互操作信号性能分析导航信号是卫星导航定位技术中的关键因素，也是目前国内外互操作学者的研究热点，互操作信号的选取及性能直接决定了未来GNSS互操作服务性能。鉴于美国GPS系统和欧盟Galileo系统已将MBOC信号作为双方进行系统间互操作的共同设计基线，并且在GPS系统发展成熟及应用广泛的大背景下，MBOC信号很有可能作为未来全球GNSS互操作信号。因此，对MBOC信号的互操作性能进行分析是非常有必要的。本文介绍了MBOC信号的基本原理，，分析了欧美互操作信号TMBOC及CBOC的相关特性、跟踪精度、多径误差等性能。 (2) GNSS互操作信号抗干扰性能分析 GNSS互操作为用户带来的最直观的效应便是空间可视卫星数目的增多，导航信号分布密集。而GNSS互操作是一个多系统空间资源共用的过程，需要联合使用空间多个信号进行导航定位，因此，分析互操作信号的抗干扰性能对于用户获取高精度的服务是十分重要的。本文从信号的频谱分离系数（SSC）、干扰系数、码跟踪误差增量等方面对信号的干扰性能进行了分析。
[Abstract]:With the development of global navigation satellite system (Global Navigation Satellite System, GNSS) the development of the American GPS, the Russian GLONASS, European Galileo and Chinese composed of four Beidou satellite navigation system. The construction of multi system and the rapid development of the inter system interoperability has become the future compatible system of peaceful coexistence, resource sharing, strengthen the the market competitiveness and the inevitable means to enhance the service quality of the users.
GNSS interoperability is to improve the quality of service for the purpose of navigation, the receiver does not significantly increase the cost of development as the premise, through the realization of system resources used. Without significantly increasing the receiver cost should be reduce and weaken the differences between systems as much as possible, the difference between systems is mainly reflected in several aspects: spatial reference frame that message, signal constellation. Based on the research of GNSS interoperability parameters and signal performance as the key of GNSS interoperability, the main research contents include:
1, research on Interoperability parameters of GNSS
(1) analysis of the parameters of GNSS interoperable broadcast ephemeris
Coordinate reference frame is based on satellite navigation system to realize the navigation function, the system is designed with independent space-time reference coordinate system. To solve the differences between systems space-time reference systems is a prerequisite for GNSS interoperability. Space-time reference systems of the systems based on the analysis, and put forward the system time reference the framework should be normalized to UTC, coordinate reference frame should be normalized to the idea of ITRF, and introduces the system time conversion parameters, and using Boolean Shakespeare seven parameter model of coordinate reference frame normalization thought. In addition, this article from the pseudo range observation equation, analysis the user from the satellite broadcast ephemeris in available ephemeris information. The satellite equipment delay, clock error correction parameter correction method of ionospheric delay and broadcast ephemeris in were analyzed.
(2) precision analysis of GNSS interoperable broadcast ephemeris
The user get the positioning parameters from the broadcast ephemeris, the broadcast ephemeris parameters of different system, so the analysis of different system of broadcast ephemeris precision has an important significance for improving the positioning accuracy of the user. This paper proposes to broadcast ephemeris and precise ephemeris IGS system error as the interoperability of GNSS system under the measure of the broadcast ephemeris orbit accuracy of GPS and Beidou system analysis, broadcast ephemeris, clock precision.
(3) GDOP value analysis of GNSS interoperable constellation
In addition, the GNSS interoperability constellation GDOP were analysed, selected five sites as a reference point for a single system and multi system GDOP value under comparative analysis. The research of GNSS interoperability provides users with a ruler, to resolve differences between provided research ideas, is important for improve customer service precision.
2, GNSS interoperable signal research
(1) performance analysis of GNSS interoperable signal
The navigation signal is a key factor in satellite navigation and positioning technology, is currently the research focus of scholars interoperability, interoperability signal selection and performance directly determines the future of GNSS interoperability service performance. In view of the United States and the European Union GPS system Galileo system has a MBOC signal as both the common design baseline system interoperability. And in the GPS system development and wide application background, MBOC signal as a potential future global GNSS interoperability signal. Therefore, the signal of MBOC interoperability analysis is very necessary. This paper introduces the basic principle of MBOC signal, analyzes the characteristics and interoperability of TMBOC and signal CBOC tracking accuracy, multipath error and performance.
(2) anti-interference performance analysis of GNSS interoperable signal
GNSS interoperability as to bring the most intuitive effect is to increase the number of visible satellites in space, navigation signal distribution intensive. GNSS interoperability is a process of system resource sharing space, need to use a combination of space navigation, a plurality of signal so that the anti-jamming performance analysis interoperability signal is very important for users to obtain high precision service. This paper from the spectral separation coefficients (SSC) signal, interference coefficient, code tracking error and interference on the performance of the incremental signal are analyzed.

【学位授予单位】：中国科学院研究生院（国家授时中心）
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN96.1

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