水下传感器网络基于能量和链路质量的路径选择研究

发布时间：2018-03-15 18:12

本文选题：水下传感器网络　切入点：路由选择　出处：《天津大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：水下无线传感器网络是由一系列具有声学通信能力和计算能力的传感器节点构成的水下检测网络系统,在海洋资源勘测,水污染检测、海洋地震监控、战术监视等领域都有着广泛的应用前景。近些年来,有关水下传感器网络方面的研究已经引起各国政府和研究机构的广泛关注,成为当前研究热点之一。水下传感器网络依靠声音进行通信,声音在水中的传播速度较低,数据往往通过多个中间节点的转发才能传输到基站。由于水声网络本身具有能量受限、高延迟、低带宽、信号衰减、信道质量依环境变化等特点,使得水下无线传感器网络中路径选择的研究面临巨大挑战。目前水下传感器网络通常简单地基于节点的地理位置进行数据转发,如常用的VBF、HHVBF路由协议。这往往会造成在节点稀疏时找不到转发路径,或者节点密集时大量节点参与转发过程,从而使网络的性能大大降低。针对该问题,本论文提出了一种基于节点的剩余能量和链路质量的跨层路径选择算法来对转发节点进行选择。本文根据历史传输信息,采用指数平滑法对节点间链路质量进行预测,并结合节点的剩余能量和链路质量进一步提出了节点质量因子,通过选择邻居节点中具有最大质量因子的节点作为转发节点,均衡了网络中能量的消耗,提高数据传输成功率,延长了网络的生存时间,使得网络有限的资源得到合理有效地利用。本文在Aqua-Sim仿真平台上对该算法的性能进行仿真,通过实验分别确定了节点静止和运动两种状态下最优的链路质量预测参数值以及节点质量因子参数值。在此基础上,将本文的路径选择算法与VBF、HHVBF协议和改进的RHHVBF协议进行比较,实验证明在节点静止和运动时,本文提出的路径选择算法在数据传输成功率和网络生存时间方面均有了显著提升。
[Abstract]:Underwater wireless sensor network (WSNs) is an underwater detection network system composed of a series of sensor nodes with acoustic communication ability and computing capability. It is used in marine resource survey, water pollution detection, ocean seismic monitoring and control. Tactical surveillance and other fields have broad application prospects. In recent years, the research on underwater sensor networks has attracted extensive attention of governments and research institutions. Underwater sensor networks rely on sound to communicate, and the speed of sound propagation in water is low. The data can be transmitted to the base station only through the transmission of multiple intermediate nodes. Due to the characteristics of the underwater acoustic network, such as limited energy, high delay, low bandwidth, signal attenuation, channel quality depending on the environment, etc. The research of path selection in underwater wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is facing a great challenge. At present, underwater sensor networks usually simply transmit data based on the geographical location of nodes. For example, the commonly used VBFNHHVBF routing protocol. This often results in the routing path can not be found when the nodes are sparse, or a large number of nodes participate in the forwarding process when the nodes are dense, so that the performance of the network is greatly reduced. In this paper, a cross-layer path selection algorithm based on residual energy and link quality of nodes is proposed to select forwarding nodes. In this paper, exponential smoothing method is used to predict the quality of links between nodes according to historical transmission information. Combined with the residual energy of the node and the link quality, the node quality factor is further proposed. By selecting the node with the largest quality factor in the neighbor node as the forwarding node, the energy consumption in the network is balanced and the success rate of data transmission is improved. The lifetime of the network is prolonged and the limited resources of the network are utilized reasonably and effectively. This paper simulates the performance of the algorithm on the Aqua-Sim simulation platform. The optimal link quality prediction parameters and the node quality factor parameters in static and moving nodes are determined by experiments. On this basis, the proposed path selection algorithm is compared with the VBF-HHVBF protocol and the improved RHHVBF protocol. Experimental results show that the proposed path selection algorithm has a significant improvement in data transmission success rate and network lifetime when nodes are still and moving.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TP212.9;TN929.3

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