星载二维跟踪转台抗空间环境设计与分析

发布时间：2018-03-20 20:36

本文选题：星载二维跟踪转台　切入点：试验模态　出处：《中国科学院研究生院（上海技术物理研究所）》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在空间光通信中，需要光电跟瞄系统（ATP系统），用于构建光通信高精度链路。二维跟踪转台通常作为ATP系统粗跟踪模块的执行单元，其技术水平的发展与空间环境适应性对整个ATP系统，乃至整个星地光通信的实现均起着至关重要的作用。本论文系统地开展二维跟踪转台的结构设计与空间环境适应性研究，主要研究内容包含以下几个方面： 1）从轴系支撑与振动控制理论中寻求高刚度轴系支撑设计的基本原则；通过二维转台试验模态研究，详细剖析了各特征参数对转台动力学响应特性的影响；对轴系支撑的有限元模拟方法进行了研究；通过转台力学模型的构建和数值分析方法，为转台动力学特性进一步优化设计提供思路与途径；最后，指出了现行环境模拟试验的缺陷； 2）二维转台的高刚度和低摩擦是一对相互矛盾的优化目标，过松的配合会降低轴系刚度和响应品质，过紧的配合将使轴系摩擦力矩在真空热环境中过于敏感。提出合理的温控措施，将是一种十分有效的解决方案； 3）反射式望远镜作为二维跟踪转台的终端负载，将面临十分严酷的力学环境。提出通过结构优化提高望远镜固有频率，通过动力吸振器降低次镜响应； 4）从自由状态二维转台的动力学特性研究入手，寻找转台锁定更为合理的方式，提出了一种较有新意的锁紧机构设计方案。本文的创新点主要有： 1）对星载二维跟踪转台进行了较为全面的试验模态研究，分析了各特征参数对转台动力学响应特性的影响； 2）提出了二维转台的高刚度与低摩擦是一对相互矛盾的设计变量，并指出轴系配合间隙在此所起到的关键作用； 3）提出了一种全新的星载二维跟踪转台锁定方式。
[Abstract]:In space optical communication, the optoelectronic tracking and pointing system is needed to construct the high-precision link of optical communication. The two-dimensional tracking turntable is usually used as the executive unit of the coarse tracking module of the ATP system. The development of the technology level and the adaptability of the space environment play an important role in the whole ATP system and even the realization of the whole satellite-to-ground optical communication. In this paper, the structure design and the space environment adaptability of the two-dimensional tracking turntable are systematically carried out. The main research contents include the following aspects:. 1) seek the basic principle of high rigidity shafting support design from the shafting support and vibration control theory, analyze the influence of each characteristic parameter on the dynamic response characteristics of the turntable in detail through the experimental modal research of two-dimensional turntable; The finite element simulation method of shafting support is studied. Through the construction of mechanical model and numerical analysis method of turntable, the train of thought and approach are provided for the further optimization design of dynamic characteristics of turntable. Finally, The defects of current environmental simulation tests are pointed out. 2) the high stiffness and low friction of the two dimensional turntable are a pair of contradictory optimization objectives, too loose coordination will reduce the stiffness and response quality of the shaft system. Too tight coordination will make the shafting friction torque too sensitive in the vacuum thermal environment. It is a very effective solution to put forward reasonable temperature control measures. 3) as the terminal load of the two-dimensional tracking turntable, the reflector telescope will face a very harsh mechanical environment. It is proposed to improve the natural frequency of the telescope through structural optimization and to reduce the secondary mirror response through the dynamic vibration absorber. 4) based on the study of the dynamic characteristics of the two dimensional turntable in free state, a more reasonable way to lock the turntable is found, and a new design scheme of locking mechanism is put forward. The innovations of this paper are as follows:. 1) the experimental modal of the spaceborne two-dimensional tracking turntable is studied, and the influence of each characteristic parameter on the dynamic response of the turntable is analyzed. 2) it is pointed out that the high stiffness and low friction of the two dimensional turntable are a pair of contradictory design variables, and the key role of the matching clearance of the shafting is pointed out. 3) A novel two-dimensional tracking turntable locking method is proposed.
【学位授予单位】：中国科学院研究生院（上海技术物理研究所）
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN929.1

【参考文献】