用于无线双耳助听器的低功耗超宽带收发机技术的研究

发布时间：2018-03-26 20:14

本文选题：无线双耳助听器　切入点：低功耗超宽带收发机　出处：《清华大学》2014年博士论文

【摘要】：随着世界人口老龄化的快速发展，助听器的市场需求非常广阔。而小型化的、配备无线通信功能的、具有双耳信号处理能力的助听设备是未来助听器发展的方向。目前助听器中的无线收发模块的工作功耗在10mW量级，占整个助听器70%以上的功耗。因此降低无线收发机的功耗是降低助听器整体功耗的关键。本课题的研究目标是将无线收发机功耗从10mW量级降低至1mW量级，以满足小体积的、电池长期供电的双耳助听及其他移动终端的需求，避免反复更换电池对老年使用者带来的不便，并为更复杂的双耳语音数字信号处理提供条件。本论文在双耳无线助听器关键技术和低功耗无线收发技术调研的基础上，提出了两种降低超宽带收发机功耗的解决方案。在第一种方案中，提出了使用8元频移键控（8-FSK）子载波的调频超宽带（FM-UWB）技术以提高码元速率及提高能量效率，，在750kb/s的数据速率下实现了5mW的功耗指标。其采用65nm CMOS工艺实现。发射机采用具有快速建立时间的基于锁相环（PLL）作为子载波调制器，采用环形压控振荡器与门控锁频环（FLL）作为宽带FM调制器。接收机使用一个宽带低噪声放大器进行射频放大，使用双带通滤波器结构实现具有高线性度、抗窄带干扰的FM解调器。在第二种方案中，提出了2-FSK Chirp-UWB的低功耗超宽带电路设计技术，它综合了现有的脉冲超宽带（IR-UWB）和调频超宽带（FM-UWB）的技术优点，并抑制了各自的缺点。发射机在8GHz附近的500MHz频带上实现了10%门控的数字调制的正交Chirp脉冲，接收机前端采用15%门控的非相干频率检测的射频解调方式，后端采用开环的10倍过采样的时钟和数据恢复技术，实现了低功耗、低辐射、快速位同步的无线收发机，其在比特速率1Mb/s下，功耗仅为1mW，达到了1nJ/bit的能量效率，实现了初始提出的低功耗研究目标。论文最后提出了一种基于便携式终端的双耳无线助听器结构。它应用了Chirp-UWB的无线解决方案，将数字信号处理算法从耳侧移至如智能手机的便携式终端，从而进一步减小耳侧助听器功耗，提高助听器数字信号处理的能力和灵活性，并降低了对无线接收机灵敏度指标的要求。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the aging of the world ' s population , the market demand of the hearing aid is very broad . The miniaturization , equipped with wireless communication function , the hearing aid with dual - ear signal processing capability is the direction of the development of the hearing aid . The goal of this research is to reduce the power consumption of the wireless transceiver from 10 mW to 1 mW , so as to meet the needs of small - volume , long - term battery - powered binaural hearing aid and other mobile terminals , avoid the inconvenience caused by repeated replacement of the battery to the old user , and provide the conditions for more complex binaural sound digital signal processing .

Based on the research of the key technology and low power consumption wireless transmission / reception technology of binaural wireless hearing aid , two solutions for reducing the power consumption of ultra - wideband transceivers are proposed .

In the first scheme , the frequency modulation ultra - wideband ( FM - UWB ) technology using 8 - ary frequency shift keying ( 8 - FSK ) sub - carrier is proposed to improve the symbol rate and improve energy efficiency , and the power consumption index of 5mW is realized at the data rate of 750 kb / s . The transmitter adopts a band - locked loop ( PLL ) with fast settling time as the wideband FM modulator . The receiver uses a wideband low noise amplifier for radio frequency amplification , and uses a dual band pass filter structure to realize FM demodulator with high linearity and narrow band interference .

In the second scheme , the low - power ultra - wideband circuit design technique of 2 - FSK chirp - UWB is proposed , which combines the existing technical advantages of pulse ultra - wideband ( IR - UWB ) and frequency modulation ultra - wideband ( FM - UWB ) , and suppresses their respective disadvantages . The transmitter achieves 10 % gated digitally modulated orthogonal chirp pulse at 500 MHz band near 8GHz , and realizes low power consumption , low radiation and fast bit synchronization . The power consumption is only 1 mW at bit rate of 1 Mb / s , the energy efficiency of 1nJ / bit is achieved , and the initial low power consumption research target is realized .

In the end , a portable terminal - based dual - ear wireless hearing aid structure is proposed . The wireless solution is applied to move the digital signal processing algorithm from the ear side to the portable terminal like a smart phone , thereby further reducing the power consumption of the ear - side hearing aid , improving the capability and flexibility of the digital signal processing of the hearing aid , and reducing the requirement on the sensitivity index of the wireless receiver .

【学位授予单位】：清华大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：R764.5;TN859

【共引文献】