基于无线传感网的城市交通灯模糊控制系统设计

发布时间：2018-03-28 00:40

本文选题：无线传感网　切入点：ZigBee　出处：《安徽理工大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：由于机动车数量迅速增加而导致了越来越严重的城市道路拥堵问题。城市交通灯控制系统是智能交通系统的重要组成部分,它对提高道路使用效率,节约能源有至关重要的作用。本文针对现在城市交通灯控制系统存在的布线麻烦、容易受环境因素影响、实时性差、维护不方便以及运行成本高等诸多缺陷,设计了一种无线传感网和模糊控制算法相结合的城市交通灯控制系统。本文给出了磁阻传感器HMC5883L与微控制器CC2530相结合的采集节点的设计,介绍了基于ZigBee无线协议数据传输模块和以STM32作为协调器主控芯片的硬件设计。文章设计了针对单交叉口四相位的交通灯的绿灯延时模糊控制器,控制器选择当前相位车流量参数和下一相位交通流参数作为输入,当前相位绿灯延长时间作为输出,并给出了模糊规则的建立过程和控制流程的设计。该控制系统有以下优点：1.用磁阻传感器检测相关交通参数,该方法不会受到坏境因数影响具有很好的准确性和稳定性；2.数据传输采用ZigBee无线协议不仅省去布线的麻烦还具有很好的实时性,并且易于后期扩展和维护；3.使用模糊算法设计绿灯延时控制器,使红绿灯可以根据路口当前交通流实时改变通行时间。最后以MATLAB作为仿真平台对该控制系统的可行性和有效性进行了验证。结果表明,该控制系统可以实现交通参数的实时采集和无线传输,交通信号灯的模糊控制可以在很大程度上缩短车辆等待时间,提高了交通效率。
[Abstract]:The rapid increase in the number of motor vehicles has led to more and more serious problems of urban road congestion. Urban traffic light control system is an important part of intelligent transportation system, which can improve the efficiency of road use. Energy conservation plays an important role. This paper aims at the defects of the current urban traffic light control system, such as wiring trouble, easy to be affected by environmental factors, poor real-time performance, inconvenient maintenance and high operating cost, etc. An urban traffic light control system based on wireless sensor network and fuzzy control algorithm is designed. In this paper, the design of the acquisition node based on the combination of magnetoresistive sensor (HMC5883L) and microcontroller (CC2530) is presented. This paper introduces the hardware design of data transmission module based on ZigBee wireless protocol and STM32 as the main control chip of the coordinator. In this paper, a fuzzy controller of green light delay for traffic lights with four phases at a single intersection is designed. The controller selects the current phase traffic flow parameter and the next phase traffic flow parameter as the input, the current phase green light extension time as the output, The process of establishing fuzzy rules and the design of control flow are also given. The control system has the following advantages: 1. Using magnetoresistive sensor to detect the relevant traffic parameters, The method has good accuracy and stability without being affected by the bad condition factor. (2) the ZigBee wireless protocol not only saves the trouble of routing, but also has good real-time performance. The fuzzy algorithm is used to design the green time delay controller so that the traffic light can change the traffic time according to the current traffic flow of the intersection in real time. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the control system are verified by using MATLAB as the simulation platform. The results show that the control system can realize real-time traffic parameter acquisition and wireless transmission. Fuzzy control of traffic lights can greatly shorten vehicle waiting time and improve traffic efficiency.
【学位授予单位】：安徽理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491.51;TN929.5;TP212.9

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