分布式相控MIMO声纳探测及实验研究

发布时间：2018-03-28 09:10

本文选题：声纳　切入点：发-收互动　出处：《浙江大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着海洋运输业的大力发展和航船的增多,主动声纳在浅海及近岸海域探测面临新的挑战：干扰数目是目标数目的一千倍,噪声能量是信号能量的一千倍。随着多输入多输出(Multiple Input Multiple Output, MIMO)技术在雷达领域的快速发展,MMO声纳关键技术成为新的研究热点。本文首先分析了水声信道的时延扩展和多普勒扩展特性,然后在自由场和波导环境下,利用平面波模型和简正模模型分别对其进行表征。针对主动声纳探测主要面临抗混响的问题,采用时反处理抑制混响。为了提高目标的空-时分辨力,提出了宽带集中式MIMO处理模型,设计了适合于水声信道的正交波形。进一步,利用常规相控阵声纳相干处理的思想,提出了分布式相控MMO声纳处理框架,增强对弱目标的检测能力。面对浅海波导环境,利用发-收互动技术获得MMO处理所需的高回混比。主要研究成果包括：1)提出了基于发-收互动的宽带分布式相控MMO空时处理模型,并定量分析了其检测性能；2)面对浅水波导环境,设计了基于时反聚焦的分布式MMO探测实验系统,实现回混比增强；3)莫干山湖上实验结果表明分布式相控MIMO声纳系统的探测性能优于传统相控声纳,以及基于时反聚焦的分布式MMO声纳系统的潜力。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of marine transportation and the increase of ships, active sonar detection in shallow and coastal waters faces a new challenge: the number of interference is 1,000 times the number of targets. With the rapid development of multiple Input Multiple output (Mimo) technology in radar field, the key technology of MMO sonar has become a new research hotspot. In this paper, the characteristics of delay spread and Doppler spread of underwater acoustic channel are analyzed, and then in the free field and waveguide environment, The plane wave model and the normal mode model are used to characterize them respectively. In order to improve the space-time resolution of the target, the active sonar detection mainly faces the problem of anti-reverberation, the time-inverse processing is used to suppress the reverberation. A wideband centralized MIMO processing model is proposed, and an orthogonal waveform suitable for underwater acoustic channels is designed. Furthermore, a distributed phased controlled MMO sonar processing framework is proposed by using the conventional phased array sonar coherent processing idea. In the face of shallow water waveguide environment, the high ratio of return mixing required by MMO processing is obtained by using the technology of transmitting and receiving interaction. The main research results include: (1) proposed a wideband distributed phase-controlled MMO space-time processing model based on space-time interaction, and quantitatively analyzed its detection performance in shallow water waveguide environment. A distributed MMO detection experiment system based on time-reverse focusing is designed. The experimental results on Mogan Mountain Lake show that the detection performance of distributed phase-controlled MIMO sonar system is better than that of traditional phase-controlled sonar. And the potential of distributed MMO sonar system based on time reverse focus.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN919.3

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