星载毫米波段相控阵天线单元及阵列设计

发布时间：2018-03-28 18:00

本文选题：毫米波阵列天线　切入点：微带天线　出处：《哈尔滨工程大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：近几年,随着无线通信事业的大力发展及通信容量的增加,使天线的频段逐渐由低频段发展到高频段。目前国际上大多数频段的使用范围为Ku, K, Ka频段,但是也越来越拥挤。故开发利用毫米波及亚毫米波频段成为一种必然,而该波段的天线设计也是天线发展的必然趋势。高度集成化的数字技术使得T/R组件的小型化及数字化已经成为现实,故使得基于T/R组件的固态有源相控阵天线的应用范围越来越广。除为了考虑成本外,目前世界上的最先进战机均采用固态有源相控阵天线的形式,而且星载天线也渐渐采用有源相控阵形式。故毫米波段的固态有源相控阵天线单元及阵列的设计与研究将成为阵列天线发展的一种趋势。论文所做的工作内容如下:1.介绍了微带线和微带天线的理论基本知识,以及用于研究与解析微带天线原理的三种基本理论方法,且简介能够使微带贴片天线展宽频带,达到实现多频化和圆极化的具体可实施的方法。2.介绍了阵列天线单元组成的线阵和面阵的带宽、方向图、波束宽度等基本理论常识以及面阵中单元间距的选择和阵列中单元间的互耦效应。3.设计了三款可用于毫米波段的阵列微带贴片天线单元:(1)中心频率为60GHz的可降互耦的新型馈电方式的阵列微带贴片天线单元;(2)宽带高增益探针与贴片相切馈电方式的阵列天线单元;(3)Ka波段的宽带高增益阵列天线单元,且对前两款天线组成的4×4阵列进行了仿真。4.分析了探针与贴片相切的这种新型馈电方式的结构特点,通过对多种不同馈电结构的仿真,总结出此结构的数学公式,给出了此结构的理论公式计算方法。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the development of wireless communication industry and the increase of communication capacity, the frequency band of antenna has gradually developed from low frequency band to high frequency band. But it is also becoming more and more crowded. Therefore, the development and utilization of millimeter-wave and sub-millimeter-wave frequency bands has become a necessity. The antenna design of this band is also an inevitable trend of antenna development. The highly integrated digital technology has made the miniaturization and digitization of the T / R component a reality. Therefore, the application of solid-state active phased array antenna based on T / R component is becoming wider and wider. In addition to considering the cost, the most advanced fighter planes in the world at present adopt the form of solid-state active phased array antenna. The design and research of solid state active phased array antenna unit and array in millimeter band will become a trend of array antenna development. The work done in this paper is as follows. The basic theory of microstrip line and microstrip antenna is introduced. And three basic theories and methods used to study and analyze the principle of microstrip antenna are also introduced, which can make the microstrip patch antenna widen the frequency band. The practical method of realizing multi-frequency and circular polarization. 2. The bandwidth and pattern of linear array and plane array composed of array antenna elements are introduced. Basic theories such as beam width, selection of cell spacing in array and mutual coupling effect between elements in array. 3. Three microstrip patch antenna elements: 1: 1, which can be used in millimeter band, are designed to reduce the center frequency of 60GHz. Wideband high gain probe and chip tangent feed mode array antenna unit / 3ka-band wideband high gain array antenna unit, The 4 脳 4 array composed of the first two antennas is simulated. 4. The structural characteristics of the new feed mode, which is tangent to the probe and the patch, are analyzed, and the mathematical formulas of the structure are summed up through the simulation of many different feed structures. The calculation method of theoretical formula of this structure is given.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN822

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