子阵级自适应数字波束形成技术研究与应用

发布时间：2018-03-28 21:01

本文选题：数字波束形成　切入点：子阵级　出处：《电子科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：为了提高角度和距离分辨力,相控阵雷达需要增大天线的孔径。但是大型天线阵列其数量往往已经激增至成百上千个,如果系统给每个阵元分配一个单独的包括放大、混频和模数(A/D)转换等的接收通道,会大大增加信号处理的硬件成本。子阵级数字波束形成(DBF)技术就是将大型阵列通过一定的规则将若干阵元划分成较少数量的子阵来处理。通过该技术处理后,雷达系统的硬件成本可以得到很大程度的降低,同时,也可以降低系统计算的复杂度。本论文介绍了数字波束形成的基础理论知识、讨论了自适应波束形成的几种准则和算法,并对常用的几种算法如最小方差无畸变响应(MVDR)算法、采样矩阵求逆(SMI)算法,最小均方(LMS)算法和递归最小二乘(RLS)算法等几种算法的性能通过仿真结果进行了比较,介绍了一种实现简单、可以应用于工程实践的算法——对角加载SMI算法,并对此算法进行了仿真验证。接着介绍了子阵划分的方法,包括均匀子阵划分和非均匀子阵划分方法,并对均匀子阵划分和非均匀子阵划分的数字波束形成性能做了仿真对比,对均匀子阵划分引起的栅瓣、栅零点问题进行了理论分析和实验仿真,分析了原因,并分别对线阵和平面阵的子阵级自适应数字波束形成(ADBF)做了仿真分析。本文的最后研究了子阵级DBF的设计和实现,对给出的一种平面阵子阵划分方案进行了仿真,仿真内容包括多波束形成、子阵与全阵的比较及和差波束形成等。另外,还通过仿真分析了波束权值量化对方向图的影响及通道校正的方法。论文的最后给出了DBF模块的实现原理框图及DBF板软件的组成及具体实现流程。
[Abstract]:In order to improve the angle and distance resolution, phased array radar antenna aperture increases. But the need of large antenna array the number often has surged to hundreds of thousands, if each element distribution system for a single including amplification, mixing and analog-to-digital conversion (A/D) receiving channel, will greatly increase the signal processing hardware cost at subarray level digital beamforming (DBF) technology is a large number of array element is divided into a few sub array are processed by certain rules. By this technique, the radar system hardware cost can be greatly reduced, at the same time, can also reduce the complexity of computing system. This paper introduced the basic theory of digital beamforming, discusses several criteria and algorithm for adaptive beamforming, and several commonly used algorithms such as minimum variance distortionless response (MVDR) algorithm And the sample matrix inversion (SMI) algorithm, least mean square (LMS) algorithm and recursive least squares (RLS) algorithm and several algorithms are compared by simulation results, this paper introduces a kind of simple, - diagonal loading SMI algorithm can be applied to engineering practice, and this algorithm is verified by simulation. Then it introduces the method of subarray division, including uniform subarray division and non-uniform subarray division method, and the uniform subarray division and non-uniform subarray division digital beam formation performance. The simulation results show that the grating lobe caused by uniform subarray division, gate zero problems by theoretical analysis and experimental simulation and the reasons are analyzed, and adaptive digital on line array and plane array beamforming at subarray level (ADBF) to do the simulation analysis. At the end of this paper studies the design and implementation of DBF at subarray level, a planar sub array for a given row The solution is simulated. The simulation includes multi subarray beamforming, and comparison matrix and difference beam forming method. In addition, the quantitative impact of the weight of beam pattern and channel calibration is analyzed by simulation. Finally, the paper gives the realization of the principle diagram and the DBF board and the software composition the detailed process of DBF module.

【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN958.92

【共引文献】