高隔离度双极化基站天线研究

发布时间：2018-03-30 21:31

本文选题：微带贴片天线　切入点：双极化　出处：《电子科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：无线通信产业的发展之迅速令人瞩目,这都是由于无线通信用户对无线通信质量提出了更高的要求。在无线通信系统的实现过程中,选择合适的天线对整个无线通信网络的性能至关重要,这是因为空间无线信号的发射和接收都是依靠天线来完成的。双极化微带天线不仅具有微带天线的诸多优点,如低剖面、低成本、易共形以及适合组合设计等,而且能够提供极化多样化,以减少接收信号的多径衰落,降低损耗、减小干扰,还能减少天线数量,节省基建投资。近年来在雷达、微波定位以及通信系统等领域,双极化技术已逐步成为研究热点。而提高两个极化端口间的隔离度、抑制交叉极化以及展宽带宽是双极化微带天线设计的重点和难点。本论文在阐述双极化微带天线基本理论的基础上,以提高两个极化端口间隔离度为目标,对双极化微带天线结构、馈电功分网络和阵列等方面进行了研究。本论文的主要工作内容如下:1.在双极化微带天线基本原理的基础上,研究了微带天线的设计方法,并设计了一种工作在2.4~2.5GHz频段的高隔离度双极化微带天线单元。该天线单元采用空气贴片、垂直双H形孔径耦合的结构,通过仿真和实测分析了不同贴片间距以及孔径大小对天线隔离度的影响,得到了良好的端口间隔离度,优于-31dB。2.在Wilkinson功分器原理的基础上,基于阵列天线的并联馈电方式,设计了应用于八个辐射单元的馈电网络,用于阵列基站天线的馈电。3.将高隔离度双极化微带天线单元和功分馈电网络组成一个1*8的均匀直线阵基站天线,并对其进行实物测试。结果表明,该高隔离度双极化基站天线的隔离度能达到-33dB以下,其他参数指标也基本能满足通信要求。
[Abstract]:The rapid development of wireless communication industry is due to the higher requirements of wireless communication users.In the realization of wireless communication system, choosing the appropriate antenna is very important to the performance of the whole wireless communication network, because the transmitting and receiving of the space wireless signal depends on the antenna.Dual polarization microstrip antenna not only has many advantages of microstrip antenna, such as low profile, low cost, easy conformal and suitable for combination design, but also can provide polarization diversification to reduce multipath fading and loss of received signal.Reduce interference, but also reduce the number of antennas, save capital investment.In the fields of radar, microwave positioning and communication system, the dual polarization technology has gradually become a research hotspot in recent years.Increasing the isolation between two polarization ports, suppressing cross-polarization and broadening bandwidth are the key points and difficulties in the design of dual-polarization microstrip antenna.Based on the basic theory of dual-polarization microstrip antenna and aiming at improving the isolation between two polarized ports, the structure of dual-polarization microstrip antenna, feed power distribution network and array are studied in this paper.The main work of this thesis is as follows: 1.Based on the basic principle of dual-polarization microstrip antenna, the design method of microstrip antenna is studied, and a high isolation dual-polarization microstrip antenna unit working in 2.4~2.5GHz band is designed.The antenna unit is composed of air patch and vertical double H-shaped aperture coupling. The effect of different patch spacing and aperture size on antenna isolation is analyzed by simulation and measurement. A good isolation between ports is obtained, which is better than -31dB.2.Based on the principle of Wilkinson power divider and the parallel feed mode of array antenna, a feed network applied to eight radiating units is designed, which is used to feed the antenna of base station array.The high isolation dual polarization microstrip antenna unit and the power division feed network are used to form a 1 / 8 uniform linear array base station antenna and its physical measurement is carried out.The results show that the isolation of the dual-polarization base station antenna with high isolation can reach -33dB, and other parameters can basically meet the requirements of communication.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN820

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