GSM微基站的物理层实现

发布时间：2018-03-31 06:20

本文选题：家庭基站　切入点：全球移动通信系统　出处：《电子科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：作为移动通信网络的补充,家庭基站能够为用户提供更好的语音和数据业务使用体验,近年来移动运营商和设备产商也越来截止重视家庭基站的部署。家庭基站一般由微基站和固定网络接入部分组成。其中微基站部分需要支持完整的无线通信协议以确保手机以及其他移动设备能够正常接入。本文完成了GSM微基站物理层功能的硬件实现,它是GSM家庭基站的主要组成模块。本设计是在Xilinx Spartan6系列的FPGA和TI的C6000系列DSP组成的硬件平台上实现的。其中FPGA完成了GSM系统中的调制解调等物理层功能,而DSP则完成了是数据链路层和网络层部分。本文的重点是FPGA端的物理层模块的硬件架构设计。整个物理层设计分为接口设计,下行发送模块设计和上行接收模块设计。接口是FPGA与DSP通信的接口。DSP通过该接口向物理层写入要发送的数据以及从物理层模块读出接收到的空中数据,另外也通过该接口配置射频的参数等。下行发送模块设计主要是GMSK调制,其中的高斯滤波器使用的是IP核,而I、Q两路正交信号的产生则通过查找表的方式来实现,这部分完成的重点是要确保按照GSM的协议规定的帧格式进行数据的发送,为此设计了专门的状态机和发送的架构以完成该功能。上行接收模块主要完成了同步、信道估计、MLSE均衡器等模块的硬件架构设计。其中MLSE均衡是上行接收模块的主要子模块,也是本文的设计重点,该模块采用了维特比算法来实现以保证硬件开销尽可能小。在设计的最后,对发送和接收进行了相应的测试。发送部分的频谱可以很好地满足GSM协议的要求,上行接收能够正确实现各个模块的功能,正确接收移动端发给基站的AB和NB数据。功能测试时,手机能够正确接收到微基站发送的BSIC及BCCH等信息并发送AB和NB突发请求接入微基站网络。
[Abstract]:As a supplement of mobile communication network, the home base station can provide users with a better experience of voice and data services. In recent years, mobile operators and equipment manufacturers have come to pay more and more attention to the deployment of home base stations.The home base station is generally composed of micro base station and fixed network access part.Microbase stations need to support a complete wireless communication protocol to ensure that mobile phones and other mobile devices can be accessed normally.This paper completes the hardware implementation of the physical layer function of the GSM microbase station, which is the main component module of the GSM home base station.This design is realized on the hardware platform composed of FPGA of Xilinx Spartan6 series and C6000 series DSP of TI.FPGA completes the functions of physical layer such as modulation and demodulation in GSM system, while DSP completes data link layer and network layer.The emphasis of this paper is the hardware architecture design of the physical layer module in FPGA.The whole physical layer design is divided into interface design, downlink transmission module design and uplink receiving module design.The interface is the interface between FPGA and DSP. The interface writes the data to the physical layer and reads the received air data from the physical layer module. In addition, the parameters of RF are configured through the interface.The downlink transmission module is mainly designed as GMSK modulation, in which Gao Si filter uses IP core, and the generation of two orthogonal signals is realized by lookup table.The emphasis of this part is to ensure the transmission of data according to the frame format stipulated by GSM protocol. For this purpose, a special state machine and sending architecture are designed to accomplish this function.The uplink receiving module mainly completes the hardware architecture design of synchronization, channel estimation and MLSE equalizer.MLSE equalization is the main sub-module of the uplink receiving module, and it is also the focus of this paper. The Viterbi algorithm is used in this module to ensure that the hardware cost is as small as possible.At the end of the design, the sending and receiving are tested.The spectrum of the transmission part can meet the requirements of GSM protocol. The uplink receiver can correctly realize the function of each module and receive the AB and NB data from the mobile terminal to the base station correctly.During the function test, the mobile phone can receive the BSIC and BCCH information sent by the microbase station correctly and send the AB and NB burst requests to access the microbase station network.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN929.532

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