面向LTE双极化方向图可重构天线研究

发布时间：2018-04-01 16:17

本文选题：方向图可重构天线　切入点：双线极化天线　出处：《电子科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：进入21世纪以来,随着科技和经济的快速发展,移动通信技术也得到迅猛的发展。从上世纪90年代的第二代移动通信网络GSM、CDMA,到第三代移动通信网络WCDMA、TD-SCDMA、CDMA2000,再到近年开始试商用LTE(Long Term Evolution),对信道容量和信号质量都提出了更高的要求。作为信号发射和接收不可或缺的重要部件,天线也必须满足无线通信系统不断发展的要求。为了增大系统容量,提高信号质量,无线通信系统通常要求基站天线具有±45°双线极化特性。而如果天线的辐射波束能根据用户的位置改变方向,则更加有利于提高信号质量,同时便于避开干扰源,提高基站的抗干扰能力。这些要求给天线设计也带来了新的挑战。±45°双线极化天线在移动通信系统中已经得到广泛应用,而方向图可重构天线则大多数还处于实验室研究阶段,与移动通信的实际应用还有一段距离。方向图可重构天线通常是通过在天线上加载可调元件来实时调整天线的辐射方向图,从而用较少的天线、不需要复杂的算法、并且不需要昂贵的移相器,实现天线的辐射方向图可调。本论文将方向图可重构天线与双线极化天线从功能上进行有效结合,对满足新型通信系统需要的双极化方向图可重构微带天线进行了研究,具有较高的理论意义和工程应用价值。本论文的工作内容如下:第一章主要介绍了课题的研究背景与意义,主要包括LTE简介、可重构天线研究现状和双极化天线研究现状。第二章主要介绍了天线设计过程中所应用的天线与微波电路理论知识,包括微带天线、微带八木天线、双线极化天线以及用于宽带匹配的短截线和多节阻抗变换器等基础知识。第三章介绍了具有一定带宽要求的±45°双线极化方向图可重构微带贴片天线的设计。基于八木天线原理设计的方向图可重构天线可通过控制地板上的开关,实现四种工作模式,每种模式有不同的辐射方向图特性。天线在3.5GHz时具有200MHz的带宽,同时双端口隔离度高于19dB,此外,具有良好交叉极化鉴别率。以相同的方法设计了工作频率为3.5 GHz和2.45 GHz的两种天线,以方便进行设计方法总结。第四章对工作在3.5GHz的天线进行加工测量,并对仿真与测量数据进行对比、分析,。对测试与仿真结果中存在不一致进行了分析,并提出了减小加工和测量误差的改进方案。第五章对全文进行总结,并对下一步的工作进行展望。
[Abstract]:Since entering the 21st century, with the rapid development of science and technology and economy, Mobile communication technology has also developed rapidly. From the second generation mobile communication network GSMA in the 1990s to the third generation mobile communication network WCDMA-TD-SCDMA-CDMA2000, the commercial LTE(Long Term evolution has been tested in recent years, and the channel capacity and signal quality have been proposed. Higher requirements. As an indispensable part of signal transmission and reception, The antenna must also meet the requirements of the continuous development of wireless communication systems. In order to increase the capacity of the system and improve the signal quality, In wireless communication systems, the base station antenna is usually required to have 卤45 掳dual-line polarization. However, if the radiation beam of the antenna can change direction according to the user's position, the signal quality can be improved and the interference source can be avoided easily. These requirements also bring new challenges to antenna design. 卤45 掳dual-wire polarization antenna has been widely used in mobile communication systems, while most of the pattern reconfigurable antennas are still in the laboratory research stage. There is still a distance from the practical application of mobile communication. Pattern reconfigurable antennas usually adjust the radiation pattern of antennas by loading adjustable elements on the antennas, thus using fewer antennas without the need for complex algorithms. And no expensive phase shifter is needed to adjust the radiation pattern of the antenna. In this paper, the reconfigurable antenna and the dual-line polarized antenna are effectively combined in function. The dual polarization pattern reconfigurable microstrip antenna is studied to meet the needs of the new communication system. The work of this paper is as follows: the first chapter mainly introduces the research background and significance of the subject, including the introduction of LTE, Chapter two mainly introduces the theory of antenna and microwave circuit used in antenna design, including microstrip antenna, microstrip Yagi antenna, The basic knowledge of dual-line polarization antenna and short-cut and multi-section impedance converter for broadband matching is introduced. In chapter 3, the design of 卤45 掳dual-line polarization pattern reconfigurable microstrip patch antenna with certain bandwidth requirements is introduced. The schematic reconfigurable antenna can be designed by controlling the switch on the floor. The antenna has the bandwidth of 200MHz at 3.5GHz, and the isolation of two ports is higher than 19dB. Two kinds of antennas with working frequency of 3.5 GHz and 2.45 GHz are designed in the same way, which is convenient to summarize the design methods. In chapter 4, the processing measurement of the antenna working in 3.5GHz is carried out. By comparing the simulation data with the measurement data, the paper analyzes the inconsistency between the test results and the simulation results, and puts forward an improved scheme to reduce the machining and measuring errors. Chapter five summarizes the full text. The future work is prospected.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN929.5

【相似文献】