弹载雷达系统快速建模仿真及杂波抑制技术

发布时间：2018-04-02 06:26

本文选题：Simulink　切入点：雷达建模　出处：《国防科学技术大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：论文针对某弹载雷达系统仿真及杂波抑制的关键问题,分别对某弹载雷达原型系统快速建模和杂波抑制算法进行了研究。主要工作如下:第一章主要介绍了课题的研究背景和意义。首先对雷达系统原型快速仿真和运用空时自适应处理算法进行杂波抑制的国内外研究现状进行了比较全面的介绍,然后对本文的结构进行了详细的梳理。第二章基于Simulink通用平台建立了典型雷达系统的标准模块库。针对雷达系统搭建中模型不统一、调试复杂、仿真参数设置繁琐等问题,本章系统地完成了雷达仿真信号子库和信号处理子库的建立,包括了LFM信号发生模块、杂波发生模块、匹配滤波模块、MTI和MTD模块、CFAR模块以及人机交互GUI模块等,方便了不同用户按照不同需求配置进行调用,丰富了现有Simulink平台的库函数,为快速搭建某型雷达原型系统奠定了基础。第三章以自建的标准雷达模块库为基础,搭建了某型调频步进雷达系统的原型。首先研究了目标回波信号和杂波背景的数学模型,建立了前斜视通用杂波模型,并在Simulink上建立了相应的模块;接着,对天线方向图和接收机模型进行了简要介绍;然后重点对调频步进雷达的信号处理流程进行了分析,对调频步进雷达系统上两种常用的目标抽取算法进行了详细的分析和验证,并利用抽取后的距离像进行了测角。最后通过仿真结果验证了各模块的有效性。第四章深入研究了弹载雷达杂波的抑制算法。首先简单介绍了STAP的基本原理;针对全空时STAP运算量大、无法满足实时处理的需求,不能应用到弹载单脉冲雷达中等问题,本章研究了和差波束STAP算法。通过对STAP进行降维处理从而降低运算量,使得实时处理成为可能,而且通过降维空域自由度降为2,为STAP应用到弹载单脉冲雷达提供了理论支撑;根据弹载应用背景,将正侧视和差波束STAP方法扩展到斜前视场景,针对由此产生的杂波谱展宽问题,提出了基于前斜视???STAP的最小二乘杂波补偿算法,实现了对前斜视场景杂波展宽的补偿,然后对补偿后的数据进行了最优匹配滤波和目标检测,取得了良好的效果;最后,为了进一步提高算法的实时运算性能,实现了一种多普勒域的降维方法——???3DT方法,并通过仿真结果表明了该方法在抑制杂波,降低运算量上的优越性。第五章对本文研究内容进行了全面的总结,并指出了本文工作的不足之处以及对未来工作的展望。
[Abstract]:This paper aims at the key problems of radar system simulation and clutter suppression. The main work is as follows: chapter 1 mainly introduces the research background and significance of the research. First, the rapid simulation and operation of the prototype radar system are introduced. The research status of clutter suppression using space-time adaptive processing algorithm is introduced in detail. In chapter 2, the standard module library of typical radar system is established based on Simulink platform. In this chapter, the establishment of radar simulation signal sublibrary and signal processing sub-library is systematically completed, including LFM signal generation module, clutter generation module, matched filter module, MTD module and man-machine interactive GUI module, etc. It makes it convenient for different users to call according to different requirements, enriches the library functions of the existing Simulink platform, and lays the foundation for building a radar prototype system quickly. Chapter 3 is based on the standard radar module library built by ourselves. The prototype of a certain FM stepper radar system is built. Firstly, the mathematical model of target echo signal and clutter background is studied, and the general forward squint clutter model is established, and the corresponding module is established on Simulink. The antenna pattern and receiver model are briefly introduced, and then the signal processing flow of FM stepping radar is analyzed, and two commonly used target extraction algorithms are analyzed and verified in detail. Finally, the effectiveness of each module is verified by the simulation results. In chapter 4, the clutter suppression algorithm of missile-borne radar is deeply studied. Firstly, the basic principle of STAP is briefly introduced. In order to solve the problem that the total space-time STAP can not meet the demand of real-time processing and can not be applied to the monopulse radar, the sum and difference beam STAP algorithm is studied in this chapter. By reducing the dimension of STAP, the computation is reduced. It makes real-time processing possible, and reduces the degree of freedom in spatial domain to 2, which provides theoretical support for the application of STAP to monopulse radar. According to the background of missile-borne application, the forward and differential beam STAP method is extended to oblique forward view scene. In order to solve the problem of broadening the clutter spectrum, a forward strabismus method is proposed. ? ? The least square clutter compensation algorithm of STAP realizes the compensation of clutter broadening in forward strabismus scene, then the optimized matched filtering and target detection of the compensated data are carried out, and good results are obtained. In order to further improve the real-time performance of the algorithm, a dimension reduction method in Doppler domain is implemented. ? ? The 3DT method and the simulation results show the superiority of the method in suppressing clutter and reducing the computational complexity. Chapter 5 summarizes the research contents of this paper and points out the shortcomings of the work and the prospect of future work.
【学位授予单位】：国防科学技术大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN959

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