雷达杂波分类与抑制技术研究

发布时间：2018-04-10 07:09

本文选题：杂波分类　切入点：幅度特性　出处：《西安电子科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：雷达发射电磁波并利用其回波信号获取目标的信息。杂波在雷达回波中占据着重要的组成部分,但是在通常的情况下它又是不期望得到的回波信号,所以雷达工作者一直致力于寻求比较有效的方法对雷达杂波进行减弱或者消除,以便得到关于目标的各项信息。但是若要对其进行消除,首先需要认识杂波,那么研究杂波的统计特性是一项必不可少的工作。对杂波的幅度特性的研究有助于对目标进行检测,对杂波的功率谱特性的研究有助于对杂波进行抑制。本文通过介绍地杂波、海杂波、气象杂波和箔条杂波的幅度特性和功率谱特性并分析杂波谱宽的影响条件,结合实际采集得到的雷达回波信号,对其功率谱特性和幅度特性进行仿真和分析,结合其功率谱特性的估计及杂波自适应处理技术,将此雷达回波中的杂波进行分类和抑制。本文将杂波进行上述分类,分析不同杂波的幅度起伏特性与功率谱特性,研究其幅度起伏特性和功率谱特性适用的条件,主要是为了认识杂波,将杂波分为固定杂波和运动杂波,可以针对不同的杂波找到行之有效的方法对杂波进行抑制,所以本文中又对杂波抑制的方法进行了叙述,主要介绍了动目标显示(MTI)、自适应动目标显示(AMTI)和动目标检测(MTD)这些滤波器的原理适用的条件。在MTI滤波器中分别对单延迟线对消器、双延迟线对消器、具有反馈延迟线的对消器和具有最佳系数的延迟线对消器的实现方法和适用条件进行了说明;在AMTI中重点对AMTI实现的原理和谱估计方法进行了介绍;在MTD中对MTD的基本原理和杂波谱宽的估计方法加以叙述。针对以上介绍的不同杂波抑制方法用于实际的雷达回波并比较各种方法的杂波抑制效果,对固定杂波使用MTI滤波器进行消除;对运动杂波运用AMTI滤波器进行消除;对含有固定杂波和运动杂波的情况运用双凹口滤波器进行消除,或者使用动态杂波图和静态杂波图消除固定杂波后,再使用AMTI滤波器进行滤波。对杂波的功率谱特性进行分析并设计出优化的滤波及进行杂波抑制,从而达到最优滤波。
[Abstract]:Radar transmitting electromagnetic wave and obtain the target echo signal. The information clutter in radar echo plays an important part, but in most cases it is not expected to get the radar echo signal, so the worker has been committed to seek an effective method of radar clutter is weakened or eliminated, in order to get the information about the target. But if we want to eliminate the clutter, first need to know, then study the clutter statistical characteristics is an essential work. Study on the amplitude characteristics of the clutter is helpful to detect the target, study on the spectral characteristics of clutter power to help for clutter suppression. This paper introduces the ground clutter, sea clutter, weather clutter and chaff clutter amplitude and wave power spectrum characteristics and influence analysis of clutter spectrum width, combined with the actual acquisition of thunder As the echo signal characteristics and amplitude characteristics of the power spectrum are simulated and analyzed, combined with the characteristics of the power spectrum estimation and adaptive clutter processing technology, the echo of radar clutter suppression and classification. This paper will clutter the classification, analysis of spectral characteristics of different clutter amplitude fluctuation characteristics and power study on the amplitude fluctuation characteristics, applicable conditions and characteristics of the power spectrum, mainly in order to understand the clutter, the clutter is divided into fixed clutter and moving clutter, for different clutter to find effective way to suppress clutter, so the method of clutter suppression are described. Mainly introduces the moving target indication (MTI), adaptive moving target indication (AMTI) and moving target detection (MTD) for the principle of these filters. The condition in the MTI filter for the single delay line canceller, dual delay line canceller, With the feedback delay line with optimal coefficient of delay line canceller and explains the implementation method of cancellation and applicable conditions; in the AMTI focus on the principle of AMTI implementation and spectral estimation methods are introduced; in MTD, the basic principle of MTD and the estimation method of clutter spectrum width to be described. In view of the above described different clutter suppression method for radar echo and the actual clutter suppression effect comparison of various methods, the stationary clutter MTI filter is used to eliminate; moving clutter using AMTI filter to eliminate; with fixed clutter and moving clutter using double notch filter to eliminate, or use the Dynamic Clutter Map and static clutter eliminating clutter, and then use the AMTI filter. On the spectral characteristics of clutter power analysis and design optimization and filtering for clutter suppression, from And the optimal filter is achieved.

【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TN957.51

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