阵列天线波束赋形技术研究与应用

发布时间：2018-04-14 23:28

本文选题：波束赋形 + 阵列天线　；参考：《浙江大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：阵列天线的研究与应用,一直是天线领域的热点。阵列天线具备了许多单天线无法实现的功能。例如阵列天线可以通过灵活地布阵、控制阵列天线每个单元的相位与幅度关系,实现对天线波束方向的扫描,或者抑制特定方向上的干扰信号,或实现特殊形状的波束等。在无线通信领域,阵列天线正得到越来越广泛的应用。本论文介绍了一种新型的阵列天线波束赋形方法,即通过调整天线方向图的零点来实现波束赋形,该方法有别于传统的控制阵列天线主瓣的波束赋形技术。本论文首先研究了阵列天线方向图中的零点对阵列天线整体方向图形状的影响。本文从阵列天线的基本公式出发,研究了控制阵列天线零点实现天线波束赋形技术的物理意义。以阵列天线波束展宽应用为例,在实际应用中,我们需要根据信号的变化快速地实现阵列天线波束赋形,本论文提出了一种由功率倒置调零算法演变得到的新型全向波束赋形方法,该算法可以快速扩展阵列天线的波束覆盖范围,同时将零点指向特定的无信号传输的方向。本文通过仿真,验证了该算法应用在不同阵列天线上的效果,证明该波束赋形方法在不同的阵列天线中,都能快速有效地扩展波束宽度。本论文比较了阵列天线波束赋形技术中采用的不同的系统架构,提出了一种新型的波束赋形系统架构,该新型系统架构大大简化了传统阵列天线复杂的电路结构。文章详细阐述了该新型系统架构的基本设计原理,结合实际应用需要,详细阐述硬件电路各个模块的设计思路,最终完成整个电路的设计、制作以及调试。最后,本论文使用新型的波束赋形系统架构验证了上述阵列天线波束控制方法。实验测试结果证明了上述阵列天线波束控制算法能够快速有效地提高阵列天线的波束覆盖范围。
[Abstract]:The research and application of array antenna has been a hot spot in antenna field.The array antenna has many functions which can not be realized by single antenna.For example, the array antenna can control the relationship between the phase and the amplitude of each element of the array antenna flexibly, realize the scanning of the antenna beam direction, or suppress the interference signal in the specific direction, or realize the special shape beam, etc.Array antennas are becoming more and more widely used in the field of wireless communication.In this paper, a new beamforming method of array antenna is introduced, which is different from the traditional beamforming technique which controls the main lobe of array antenna by adjusting the zeros of the antenna pattern.In this paper, the effect of the zeros in the array antenna pattern on the shape of the array antenna pattern is studied.Based on the basic formula of array antenna, the physical significance of controlling array antenna zero to realize antenna beamforming is studied in this paper.Taking the application of array antenna beam broadening as an example, in practical application, we need to quickly realize array antenna beam shaping according to the change of signal.In this paper, a new omnidirectional beamforming method is proposed, which is evolved from the power inversion zeroing algorithm. The algorithm can rapidly extend the beam coverage of the array antenna and point the zero point to a specific direction of unsignaled transmission.The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is applied to different array antennas. It is proved that the beamforming method can extend the beam width rapidly and effectively in different array antennas.In this paper, the different system architecture used in array antenna beamforming technology is compared, and a new beamforming system architecture is proposed, which greatly simplifies the complex circuit structure of traditional array antenna.In this paper, the basic design principle of the new system architecture is described in detail, and the design ideas of each module of the hardware circuit are described in detail in combination with the practical application needs. Finally, the design, manufacture and debugging of the whole circuit are completed.Finally, the new beamforming system architecture is used to verify the above array antenna beam control method.The experimental results show that the beam control algorithm can improve the coverage of the array antenna quickly and effectively.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN820

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