天基InSAR数据处理软件工程化设计及Qt实现

发布时间：2018-04-17 21:46

本文选题：天基InSAR + 软件架构　；参考：《西安电子科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：天基干涉合成孔径雷达(Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar,InSAR)是一种安装在卫星、航天飞机等航天器载体上的雷达系统,其具有航程长、受地形变化及植被覆盖影响小、飞行范围不受领空限制和不易受到攻击等优点,弥补了机载雷达的不足。同时,天基InSAR能够全天时、全天候的进行全球范围的遥感监测,较高的分辨率也使其能实时地获取静态和动态目标的信息。由于天基InSAR测绘范围广、系统复杂,其回波数据量巨大且处理算法复杂,因此亟待研制一套处理算法精良、处理速率优越的天基InSAR数据处理软件。近几年开发天基InSAR数据处理软件已成为国内外热点,然而目前国内外研究机构和高校开发出的相关软件或是处理算法精度无法达到要求,或是操作复杂不够友好。因此,针对已有天基InSAR数据处理软件存在的问题,本文主要工作如下:1、介绍天基InSAR的发展过程及其在各领域中发挥的重要作用,总结现有的天基InSAR数据处理相关软件,并分析各软件的优势和存在的问题。2、详细介绍天基InSAR的基本原理及主要数据处理步骤。根据软件开发基本理论和软件实际功能需求,研究并制定工程化天基InSAR数据处理软件的总体设计方案并且对该软件的工程管理子系统、数据管理子系统、数据处理子系统和图像显示及子系统进行了详细分析和介绍。3、针对天基InSAR数据处理耗时问题本文采用并行处理技术,研究制定了天基InSAR数据处理流程并行程序的设计方案。首先详细的介绍了开放多处理(Open Multi-Processing,Open MP)和消息传递接口(Message Passing Interface,MPI)并行程序设计方法;随后分别分析了SAR图像配准、干涉相位生成、相位解缠和DEM生成模块,给出了各模块的Fork-Join类型的OpenMP设计方案和对等模式的MPI设计方案。最后实现了SAR图像配准的并行设计,在保持算法精度的前提下,极大地提高了图像配准模块处理速率,通过对串行程序和并行程序性能的比较验证了并行程序的正确性和高效性。4、基于以上分析采用Qt软件开发平台,详细阐述了该软件的开发和实现过程,实现包括工程信息子系统、数据处理流程子系统和图像显示及处理子系统。为使用户更加直观的查看结果,在图像显示及处理子系统中采用了开放图形库(Open Graphics Library,OpenGL)技术,实现了数字高程模型的三维显示功能。
[Abstract]:Space-based synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radarr is a radar system mounted on spacecraft carriers such as satellites and space shuttles. It has a long range and is less affected by terrain changes and vegetation cover.The limitation of airborne radar can be made up by the advantages of no airspace restriction and no attack on the flight range.At the same time, space-based InSAR can be used for global remote sensing monitoring all day and all day, and high resolution also enables it to obtain the information of static and dynamic targets in real time.Because of the wide range of space-based InSAR mapping, complex system, large amount of echo data and complex processing algorithm, it is urgent to develop a set of space-based InSAR data processing software with excellent processing algorithm and processing rate.In recent years, the development of space-based InSAR data processing software has become a hot spot at home and abroad. However, at present, the related software developed by domestic and foreign research institutions and universities can not meet the requirements of processing accuracy, or the operation is complex and not friendly enough.Therefore, in view of the existing problems of space-based InSAR data processing software, the main work of this paper is as follows: 1, introduces the development of space-based InSAR and its important role in various fields, summarizes the existing space-based InSAR data processing software.The advantages and problems of each software are analyzed, and the basic principle and main data processing steps of space-based InSAR are introduced in detail.According to the basic theory of software development and the actual function requirement of software, the general design scheme of the engineering space-based InSAR data processing software is studied and established, and the project management subsystem and the data management subsystem of the software are also discussed.The data processing subsystem, the image display subsystem and the subsystem are analyzed and introduced in detail. Aiming at the time-consuming problem of space-based InSAR data processing, the parallel processing technology is adopted in this paper, and the design scheme of parallel program for space-based InSAR data processing flow is developed.This paper first introduces the parallel programming methods of Open Multi-ProcessingMMP) and message Passing Interface (MPI) in detail, then analyzes the SAR image registration, interference phase generation, phase unwrapping and DEM generation module, respectively.The Fork-Join type OpenMP design scheme of each module and the MPI design scheme of peer-to-peer mode are given.Finally, the parallel design of SAR image registration is realized, and the processing speed of the image registration module is greatly improved under the premise of maintaining the accuracy of the algorithm.The correctness and efficiency of the parallel program are verified by comparing the performance of the serial program and the parallel program. Based on the above analysis, the QT software development platform is used, and the development and implementation process of the software is described in detail.The implementation includes engineering information subsystem, data processing flow subsystem and image display and processing subsystem.In order to make the user view the results more intuitively, the open Graphics library OpenGL technology is adopted in the image display and processing subsystem, which realizes the 3D display function of the digital elevation model.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN957.52

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