基片集成波导卫星导航天线研究

发布时间：2018-04-21 15:57

本文选题：卫星导航天线 + 基片集成波导　；参考：《华东师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：卫星导航系统在军用和民用端都有着重要的作用。近几年来,四大导航系统都在迅速完善自身的建设。作为四大导航系统之一的北斗卫星导航系统,2013年12月宣布公开第二个民用频段B2I,自此全面进入双频时代,性能上毫不逊色于其他三大导航系统。天线是卫星导航接收机上最重要的器件之一。由于微带天线体积小,易于加工,且方便实现圆极化,所以广泛应用于导航天线的设计。但微带天线自身存在损耗大,后瓣辐射大等难以克服的问题。最近几年,基片集成波导受到广泛的关注,其优越的性能如低损耗、易集成等特点使得一系列相关器件得以成功研制。其在天线方面的应用,在毫米波及更高的频段已经一定程度上取代了微带天线,但在导航频段由于其体积受到限制,鲜见相关应用。本文根据上海市高新工程专项资金资助项目《多模基片集成波导小型化卫星导航天线研究》,以及国家自然科学基金《调控电磁波-若干基于坐标变换和超材料技术的天线与散设问题的研究》的要求,开展了下列的研究工作： (1)第一二章分析和研究了导航天线的国内外研究现状,包括卫星导航天线研究现状和基片集成波导天线研究现状,并具体研究了导航天线的性能指标和设计方法。 (2)第三章首先研究了一款单层SIW环缝圆极化天线,而后在此基础上通过顶层叠加贴片设计了一款多层SIW双频圆极化天线。详细阐述了设计原理、仿真结果并对第二款天线进行了加工与测试。该天线实现了BDS两个频段的圆极化辐射,具有比微带天线更好的增益和前后比,以及可比拟的尺寸。相关研究结果在PIERS'2014(Progress In Electromagnetics Research Symposium)国际会议上发表论文一篇。 (3)第四章研究了两款用于圆极化天线馈电的90度相移定向耦合器,可以覆盖四大导航系统的高频段,并在此基础上研究了双缝耦合提高隔离度的方法以及该定向耦合器在圆极化天线上的应用。给出了仿真结果并进行了分析,两款定向耦合器可以良好地用于圆极化天线的馈电,且在横向尺寸上有显著的减小,仅为传统结构的八分之一。 (4)第五章研究了互补开口谐振环减小SIW尺寸的方法,并在此基础上设计了四款加载互补开口谐振环的导航天线。其中第二款天线通过加载双CSRR实现了单个频点的圆极化,第三、第四款天线通过1/8模和1/4模的基片集成波导进一步缩小了尺寸,并实现了圆极化。每款天线给出了仿真结果并进行了分析,并对最后一款进行了加工和测试。结果表明天线实现了小型化,并且拥有较高的增益和较好的前后比。相关研究结果在APMC'2014(Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference)国际会议上发表论文一篇。 (5)第六章研究了复合左右手传输线减小SIW尺寸的方法,并在此基础上设计了一款双频天线,阐述了设计原理、仿真结果并进行了加工测试。该天线覆盖了BDS两个频段,且均有较高的增益,尺寸较传统SIW双频天线可减小70%。相关研究结果在APMC'2014(Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference)国际会议上发表论文一篇。
[Abstract]:The satellite navigation system plays an important role in both military and civil terminals. In recent years, the four navigation systems have been improving their construction rapidly. As one of the four major navigation systems, the Beidou satellite navigation system announced the opening of the second civil frequency B2I in December 2013. Three major navigation systems.
Antenna is one of the most important devices on satellite navigation receiver. Microstrip antenna is widely used in the design of navigation antenna because of its small size, easy processing and convenient realization of circular polarization. However, the microstrip antenna itself has large loss and large rear lobe radiation. In the last few years, the substrate integrated waveguide has received extensive attention. Its superior performance, such as low loss and easy integration, has made a series of related devices developed successfully. Its application in antenna, in millimeter wave and higher frequency band, has replaced the microstrip antenna to some extent, but it is limited in the navigation band because of its volume.
In this paper, the following research work is carried out according to the requirements of the research of the multi mode integrated waveguide miniaturized satellite navigation antenna research on the multi-mode integrated waveguide integrated waveguide, and the requirements of the National Natural Science Foundation for the research of antenna and scatter problems based on some coordinate transformation and metamaterials technology in Shanghai.
(1) the first two chapters analyze and study the status of the research on the navigation antenna at home and abroad, including the status of the satellite navigation antenna and the research status of the substrate integrated waveguide antenna, and the performance index and design method of the navigation antenna are studied.
(2) the third chapter first studies a single layer SIW circular slot circular polarized antenna, and then on this basis, a multilayer SIW dual frequency circular polarized antenna is designed by the top layer stacking patch. The design principle, the simulation result and the processing and testing of the second antennas are described in detail. The day line realizes the circular polarization radiation of the two frequency bands of BDS. Better gain and back to back ratio and comparable size than microstrip antennas. The related research results were published in a paper at the International Conference of PIERS'2014 (Progress In Electromagnetics Research Symposium).
(3) the fourth chapter studies two phase shift directional couplers for circular polarized antenna fed by 90 degree phase shift coupler, which can cover the high frequency section of four large navigation systems. On this basis, the method of increasing the isolation degree of the double slit coupling and the application of the directional coupler on the circular polarized antenna are studied. The simulation results are given and the two orientation is given. The coupler can be used to feed the circularly polarized antenna well, and has a significant decrease in the lateral dimension, which is only 1/8 of the traditional structure.
(4) the fifth chapter studies the method of reducing the size of SIW with complementary opening resonant ring, and on this basis, four types of navigation antennas with complementary opening resonant rings are designed. Among them, second antennas are loaded with double CSRR to realize the circular polarization of single frequency points, third, fourth antennas are further reduced by the 1/8 mode and the substrate integrated waveguide of the 1/4 mode. Size, and circular polarization. Each antenna gives simulation results and analyses, and the final section is processed and tested. The results show that the antenna is miniaturized and has higher gain and better front and back ratio. The related research results are published at the International Conference of APMC'2014 (Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference). A text.
(5) the sixth chapter studies the method of reducing the size of SIW with compound hand transmission line. On this basis, a dual frequency antenna is designed. The design principle, simulation result and processing test are presented. The antenna covers two BDS bands and has high gain. The size of the antenna can reduce the result of 70%. related research in A than the traditional SIW dual frequency antenna. An article was published at the International Conference on PMC'2014 (Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference).

【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN96.1

【参考文献】