面向电性能的天线冷板综合优化设计

发布时间：2018-04-22 11:13

本文选题：有源相控阵天线 + 冷板　；参考：《西安电子科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：有源相控阵天线(APAA)阵面存在大量对温度敏感的T/R组件,且T/R组件内部随机分布数量众多的发热器件,阵面温度分布不合理将严重影响天线相位控制精度,同时热变形也会导致天线单元的方向图发生改变,使电性能达不到要求甚至无法实现,因此,高效的APAA散热系统必不可少。液冷冷板作为一种高效成熟的换热设备,可以有效解决APAA的散热问题,在电子设备热设计方面的应用有着广阔的前景。首先,本文提出了一种基于器件位置的有源相控阵天线冷板机电热耦合设计方法。此种方法的具体设计步骤为:第一,确定有源相控阵天线T/R组件中发热器件的位置参数,采用添加辅助点与优先经过热源的思想设计冷板流道的拓扑形状,得到天线冷板几何模型,并建立天线阵面有限元模型;第二,根据有源相控阵天线T/R组件中各个发热器件的热耗等参数,计算天线阵面的温度场分布,分析阵面由热引起的结构变形以及由温度变化引起的激励电流幅度误差、相位误差,并且计算有源相控阵天线的电性能;最后,根据增益的指标是否达到要求,通过修改流道截面的几何参数重复以上步骤来确定出最优的有源相控阵天线冷板的设计方案。再者,文中针对航空电子模块轻量化的要求,对某天线冷板进行了面向轻量化的热优化设计。主要的设计方法可以概括为:分析该冷板模型的特点,对模型进行简化处理;在优化前期通过对该模型进行散热参数影响机理分析,来确定冷却液的入口位置和热优化中将要选用的冷却液的类型;确定散热参数以后,把冷板的质量作为优化目标,通过分析各个变量对质量的影响大小来确定设计变量,进而确定数学优化模型并选取合适的优化方法,使该冷板在满足热设计要求的基础上,达到质量最轻的目的。在此模型中,通过对冷却液的入口流速和冷却通道截面直径进行优化,使天线冷板的质量减轻了0.279kg。最后,分析了有源相控阵天线中T/R组件温度对阵列天线电性能的影响,具体包括最高温度和温度一致性两方面对天线电性能的影响。通过分析可知不同类型的T/R组件对天线电性能的影响是不同的,且有源相控阵天线在进行散热设计时最高温度要求和温度一致性要求都是以保证天线电性能为出发点确定的。通过具体分析可知Ku波段、X波段和L波段对T/R组件最高温度的要求分别为73?C、82?C和89?C,对T/R组件温度最大允许温差的要求分别为3.95?C、5?C和8?C。
[Abstract]:There are a large number of temperature-sensitive T / R modules on the active phased array antenna (APAA), and a large number of heating devices are randomly distributed in the T / R module. The unreasonable temperature distribution on the antenna surface will seriously affect the precision of antenna phase control. At the same time, the thermal deformation will change the pattern of antenna elements, which makes the electrical performance can not meet the requirements or even can not be realized. Therefore, an efficient APAA heat dissipation system is essential. As a kind of high efficient and mature heat exchanger, liquid cooling plate can effectively solve the heat dissipation problem of APAA, and has a broad prospect in the thermal design of electronic equipment. Firstly, an electromechanical and thermal coupling design method of active phased array antenna cold plate based on device position is proposed. The specific design steps of this method are as follows: first, the position parameters of the heating device in the active phased array antenna T / R module are determined, and the topology of the cold plate runner is designed by the idea of adding auxiliary points and preferentially passing through the heat source. The geometry model of antenna cold plate is obtained, and the finite element model of antenna array surface is established. Secondly, the temperature field distribution of antenna antenna surface is calculated according to the heat consumption and other parameters of each heating device in active phased array antenna T / R module. The structure deformation caused by heat and the amplitude error and phase error of exciting current caused by temperature change are analyzed, and the electrical performance of active phased array antenna is calculated. By modifying the geometric parameters of the channel section, the above steps are repeated to determine the optimal design scheme of the active phased array antenna cold plate. Furthermore, according to the lightweight requirement of avionics module, a lightweight thermal optimization design for an antenna cold plate is carried out. The main design methods can be summarized as follows: analyzing the characteristics of the cold plate model, simplifying the model, analyzing the influence mechanism of heat dissipation parameters on the model in the early stage of optimization, To determine the inlet position of the coolant and the type of the coolant to be selected in the thermal optimization; after determining the cooling parameters, the quality of the cold plate is taken as the optimization objective, and the design variables are determined by analyzing the influence of each variable on the quality. Then the mathematical optimization model is determined and the appropriate optimization method is selected so that the cooling plate can achieve the lightest mass on the basis of meeting the thermal design requirements. In this model, by optimizing the inlet velocity of the coolant and the cross-section diameter of the cooling channel, the quality of the antenna cold plate is reduced by 0.279 kg. Finally, the effect of T / R component temperature on the electrical performance of the active phased array antenna is analyzed, including the effect of maximum temperature and temperature consistency on the electrical performance of the antenna. The results show that the effects of different T / R modules on antenna electrical performance are different, and the maximum temperature requirement and the temperature consistency requirement of active phased array antenna are determined by ensuring the antenna electrical performance. The results show that the maximum temperature requirements of Ku-band X band and L band for T / R module are 73 C and 89 C, respectively, and the maximum allowable temperature difference for T / R module is 3.95 C and 8 C, respectively.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN821.8

【共引文献】