基于P2P的分层车联网系统设计

发布时间：2018-04-23 04:10

本文选题：智能交通 + 车联网　；参考：《广东工业大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：智能交通指使用计算机和电信技术以加强车辆的功能性,提高驾驶员生产效率和行车安全性,通常通过车辆电子设备的数据交换实现。车联网是智能交通典型应用,涵盖整个道路服务系统,车联网系统具有收集路面状况、监测空气尾气含量、跟踪行驶中的车辆位置、恢复被盗车辆、管理道路拥堵和给出最佳行车路线建议等功能。车联网的远程信息处理在商业用途中有广泛应用前景,通过移动车辆中的嵌入式设备使得车辆通过无线数据通信,融合专用的后台管理系统处理信息目前车主对实时交通信息服务需求逐步增长,同时考虑将现有基础设施融入到车辆网中,支持原有的服务。车联网和传统网络有明显区别：车辆不断移动,移动的速度和方向是随机的；不能使用固定连线使得车辆接入传统的网络；不同区域的车辆密度差别很大等。因此不能直接利用现有网络技术构建车辆网系统,需要针对随机移动的车辆改进无线连接网络技术,适应动态变化的网络拓扑本论文主要实现基于P2P的分层车联网系统设计,在车联网系统网络接口层使用专用高速无线环境IEEE802.11p协议,网络层添加路侧功能单元搭建分层网络架构,应用层使用基于地理位置的改进的P2P协议。实现网络拓扑不断变化环境下,车辆资源的有效索引和共享,为用户提供可靠和连续服务。文章首先讨论传统车联网架构设计,论述了车联网基本功能、组网结构、用户应用需求和典型的实现方式,研究现有车联网所遇到难题,包括间断的连接、有限的数据传输、较差可扩展性和不可靠用户应用等；然后介绍包含路侧功能单元的新型车联网系统与传统车-车和车-基站组成车辆体系区别与联系,讨论路侧单元的作用；最后分析P2P技术原理和应用范围,讨论改进的P2P技术对车辆资源搜索效率增加和网络开销减少。文章给出路侧单元软件设计原理、程序流程分析图和arm硬件平台上Linux系统路侧单元软件最终实现；详细讨论在车辆网内部采用改进P2P资源共享方式工作原理和方法,使得车辆通信减少冗余信息同时提高连接可靠性,同时使用改进P2P不降低服务质量基础上扩展系统容量。
[Abstract]:Intelligent Transportation refers to the use of computer and telecommunications technology to enhance vehicle functionality, improve driver productivity and driving safety, usually through the vehicle electronic equipment data exchange. Car networking is a typical application of intelligent transportation, covering the entire road service system, which collects road conditions, monitors air exhaust content, tracks the location of moving vehicles, and recovers stolen vehicles. Management of road congestion and give the best route recommendations and other functions. The remote information processing of vehicle networking has a wide application prospect in commercial use. The embedded device in mobile vehicle enables the vehicle to communicate through wireless data, and integrates the special background management system to process information. At present, the demand of vehicle owners for real-time traffic information services is gradually increasing, while considering the integration of existing infrastructure into the vehicle network to support the original services. There are obvious differences between the vehicle network and the traditional network: the vehicle keeps moving, the speed and direction of movement are random; the vehicle can not connect to the traditional network by using fixed connection; the density of the vehicle varies greatly in different areas. Therefore, the existing network technology can not be directly used to build the vehicle network system. It is necessary to improve the wireless connection network technology for the random moving vehicles to adapt to the dynamic network topology. This paper mainly realizes the design of the layered vehicle networking system based on P2P. In the network interface layer of the vehicle networking system, the dedicated high-speed wireless environment IEEE802.11p protocol is used, and the network layer adds the road-side function unit to build the layered network architecture. The application layer uses an improved P2P protocol based on geographical location. Under the changing environment of network topology, the efficient indexing and sharing of vehicle resources can provide users with reliable and continuous services. This paper first discusses the design of traditional vehicle networking architecture, discusses the basic function of vehicle networking, networking structure, user application requirements and typical implementation methods, studies the problems encountered in the existing vehicle networking, including discontinuous connection, limited data transmission. Then the paper introduces the differences and connections between the new vehicle networking system and the traditional vehicle-vehicle and vehicle-base station system, and discusses the role of the road-side unit. Finally, the principle and application scope of P2P technology are analyzed, and the improved P2P technology is discussed to increase the efficiency of vehicle resource search and reduce the network overhead. This paper gives the design principle of road-side unit software, the program flow analysis diagram and the final realization of Linux system road-side unit software on arm hardware platform, and discusses in detail the working principle and method of improving P2P resource sharing mode in vehicle network. It can reduce the redundant information and improve the reliability of the connection. At the same time, the system capacity can be expanded on the basis of using the improved P2P not to reduce the quality of service.
【学位授予单位】：广东工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TP393.02;TP391.44;TN915.04

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