基于NI无线传感器网络的室内环境智能监测与舒适度评判系统

发布时间：2018-05-04 01:09

本文选题：NI无线传感器网络 + 室内环境监测　；参考：《浙江师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着社会生产力的发展以及生活质量的提高,人们对生活品质的要求越来越高,也越来越关注与日常生活工作息息相关的室内环境。无线传感器网络的快速发展改变着人类与自然界的交互方式,提升了人类在信息获取、传输和处理方面的能力。其技术也越来越成熟,NI (National Instruments,即美国国家仪器)公司在无线传感器网络方面做得非常出色,它的传感器节点产品具有低功耗、简单易用、高性价比等优点。将NI无线传感器网络应用到室内环境监测系统中,会更有利于系统对环境参数的及时采集、传输和处理。有效的室内环境监测系统可以为实现室内环境的调控提供可靠依据。本文开发的室内环境智能监测与舒适度评判系统,是在NI无线传感器网络的基础上搭建的。该系统通过对室内温度、烟雾、火焰的监测,进行火灾险情的判断：通过对CO(一氧化碳)和甲醛的监测,进行有害气体是否超标的判断；通过对温度、湿度、噪声、及光照度的监测,并结合模糊理论对室内环境舒适度进行评判。本文的主要研究工作如下：首先,设计室内环境监测系统的总体方案,并基于NI无线传感器网络进行硬件平台的搭建。选取合适的传感器和相应的接口电路,对环境参量信息进行采集,完成火灾监测、有害气体监测及环境舒适度监测三个子系统的搭建。其次,利用LabVIEW软件进行可视化界面编程设计,并利用NI无线传感器网络实现采集数据的传输和远程监控。对采集到的数据分三个单元进行处理和控制：火灾监测单元判断室内是否有火灾险情的发生,当有火灾发生时发出警报并短信通知用户；有害气体监测单元监测有害气体是否超标,超标时发出语音提醒并短信通知用户；环境舒适度单元对当前环境参数加以采集,并以指示灯的形式对结果进行标示。然后,基于模糊理论建立室内环境舒适度评判系统。结合资料和实验数据确定温湿度的隶属度函数,并根据温度和湿度对人体热舒适度的影响比重,建立热环境舒适度的评判模型；结合资料和实验数据分别选用Sigmoid型、高斯型隶属函数建立声环境舒适度、光环境舒适度的评判模型；选取本系统中的温度传感器、湿度传感器、噪声传感器、光照传感器四种监测传感器的测量值组成综合评判系统的因素集,将室内环境舒适度的评判集分为舒适、较舒适和不舒适三种程度,确立因素集到评判集的单因素评判函数,并结合层次分析法和1-9标度法求解不同的因素对最终评判结果影响的权重向量,从而建立室内环境舒适度的综合评判模型。最后,对整个监测系统进行调试,并对室内的热环境、光环境、声环境以及整体环境舒适度评判模型的准确性进行测试。
[Abstract]:With the development of the social productive forces and the improvement of the quality of life, the demands for the quality of life are becoming higher and higher, and more and more attention is paid to the indoor environment which is closely related to daily life. The rapid development of wireless sensor networks has changed the interaction between human and nature, and promoted the information acquisition, transmission and processing of human beings. Its ability. Its technology is becoming more and more mature, NI (National Instruments, the United States National Instrument) company has done very well in wireless sensor network. Its sensor node products have the advantages of low power consumption, easy to use, high cost performance and so on. The application of NI wireless sensor network to the indoor environment monitoring system will be more conducive to the system. The effective indoor environment monitoring system can provide reliable basis for the control of indoor environment. The intelligent monitoring and comfort evaluation system of indoor environment developed in this paper is built on the basis of NI wireless sensor network. The system passes indoor temperature, smoke, flame. Monitoring of the fire danger: through the monitoring of CO (carbon monoxide) and formaldehyde, the judgment of whether the harmful gas exceeds the standard; through the monitoring of temperature, humidity, noise and illumination, and the evaluation of indoor environment comfort with the fuzzy theory. The main research work of this article is as follows: first, design the indoor environment. Monitor the overall plan of the system, and build the hardware platform based on NI wireless sensor network. Select the appropriate sensor and corresponding interface circuit, collect the information of the environment parameters, complete the building of three subsystems of fire monitoring, harmful gas monitoring and environmental comfort monitoring. Secondly, use LabVIEW software to visualize. The design of interface programming, and the use of NI wireless sensor network to realize the transmission and remote monitoring of data acquisition. Processing and controlling the collected data divided into three units: the fire monitoring unit determines whether there is a fire danger in the room, alarm when there is a fire and notify the user by short message; the monitoring unit of the harmful gas monitoring unit. If the harmful gas exceeds the standard, it sends out the voice reminder and messages to the user when it exceeds the standard; the environment comfort unit collects the current environment parameters and marks the result with the form of the indicator light. Then, based on the fuzzy theory, the indoor environment comfort evaluation system is set up. The connection data and experimental data are used to determine the membership degree of the temperature and humidity. Function, and according to the influence of temperature and humidity on the human thermal comfort degree, establish the evaluation model of the comfort degree of the thermal environment; combine the data and the experimental data to select the Sigmoid type and Gauss type membership function to establish the evaluation model of the comfort degree of the sound environment and the light environment comfort, and select the temperature sensor, humidity sensor and noise in this system. A factor set of the comprehensive evaluation system is composed of four kinds of monitoring sensors, such as acoustic sensor and light sensor. The evaluation set of indoor environmental comfort is divided into three kinds of comfort, comfort and discomfort, and the single factor evaluation function is set up to the evaluation set, and the most different factors are solved by the layer analysis method and the 1-9 scale method. Finally, the whole monitoring system is debugged and the accuracy of the indoor thermal environment, light environment, sound environment and the overall environmental comfort evaluation model are tested.

【学位授予单位】：浙江师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TP274;TP212.9;TN929.5

【相似文献】