基于位置指纹室内定位系统设计与实现

发布时间：2018-05-05 12:53

本文选题：室内定位系统 + 位置指纹　；参考：《大连理工大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：室内定位技术的研究已有二十多年历史,人们使用超声波、红外、射频识别等技术研发出各种不同的室内定位系统,针对不同应用环境得到不同的定位精度。但是,它们通常需要较为昂贵的硬件设备,而且安装过程复杂,使用环境要求太高,不适于大规模推广应用。近几年来随着802.11协议标准的不断完善与发展,无线网络得到了企业和个人用户的广泛使用,几乎覆盖了生活的每个角落。同时,移动智能终端设备得到了广泛普及,两者共同发展,为室内定位系统的研究提供了新的契机与挑战。基于无线局域网的室内定位系统具有部署方便、价格低廉等优点,是近年来室内定位技术研究的热点。本文以现有的研究成果为参考,主要工作和贡献如下： (1)搭建基于OpenWrt系统的无线对等网络。传统的无线网络结构具有局限性,导致通信受限,不利于大规模扩展,且需要有线网络的支持。本文通过OpenWrt系统搭建了一个无线对等网络,解决了传统无线网络的诸多不便,为本文室内定位系统的设计与定位数据的分布式存储提供了重要保障。 (2)设计并实现了基于位置指纹的室内定位系统。基于无线对等网络环境,介绍了位置指纹信息的采集与处理过程,选择加权K近邻算法作为匹配算法进行定位计算。在此基础上开发出室内定位系统,系统将大量定位计算与定位数据存储工作留给定位服务器来完成,终端设备只负责指纹信息采集与定位结果展示,降低系统维护成本。实验验证了该系统的正确性。 (3)提出了多定位服务器在对等网络中的部署方案。针对大型室内环境,安装室内定位系统时需要部署多台定位服务器同时工作,在此背景下对服务器部署问题进行模拟研究,给出了一种对等网络下多服务器部署的评价模型,设计算法,通过实验验证了该方案的有效性。 (4)提出了室内定位系统数据分布式存储策略。室内定位系统的数据主要分为两种：与定位计算相关的位置指纹信息和与结果展示相关的室内地图数据,本文针对这两种数据分别采用不同的存储策略。对于位置指纹信息按照服务器所在的区域进行存储,每个服务器上的数据完全不同,只记录自己负责处理的区域的信息。而对于室内地图数据,则采用局部录入、全局同步的策略,即地图录入只在本地服务器上进行,而关于数据的同步工作全部由服务器自动完成,同步完成后所有服务器均拥有相同的室内地图数据,非常适合地图数据的更新操作,实验验证了该同步策略的有效性。
[Abstract]:Indoor positioning technology has been studied for more than 20 years. People have developed a variety of different indoor positioning systems using ultrasonic, infrared and radio frequency identification technologies to obtain different positioning accuracy for different application environments. However, they usually need more expensive hardware equipment, and the installation process is complex and the use environment is too high. In recent years, with the continuous improvement and development of the 802.11 protocol standards, the wireless network has been widely used by enterprises and individual users and almost covered every corner of life. At the same time, mobile intelligent terminal equipment has been widely popularized, and the two people have developed together, which provide the research of indoor positioning system. New opportunities and challenges.
The indoor location system based on wireless LAN has the advantages of convenient deployment and low price. It is a hot spot in the research of indoor positioning technology in recent years. This paper is based on the existing research results as a reference, and the main work and contribution are as follows:
(1) build wireless peer-to-peer network based on OpenWrt system. The traditional wireless network structure has limitations, which leads to limited communication, is not conducive to large-scale expansion, and needs the support of wired network. In this paper, a wireless peer-to-peer network is built through the OpenWrt system, which solves the inconvenience of the traditional wireless network and is the indoor positioning system in this paper. The design and the distributed storage of location data provide an important guarantee.
(2) an indoor location system based on location fingerprint is designed and implemented. Based on the wireless peer-to-peer environment, the acquisition and processing of location fingerprint information is introduced, and the weighted K nearest neighbor algorithm is selected as the matching algorithm for location calculation. On this basis, the indoor positioning system is developed, and the system will locate a large number of location and location data storage. The work is left to the location server to complete. The terminal equipment is only responsible for the display of the fingerprint information collection and location results, and reduces the maintenance cost of the system. The experiment verifies the correctness of the system.
(3) the deployment scheme of multi location server in peer-to-peer network is put forward. For large indoor environment, it is necessary to deploy multiple location servers at the same time when installing indoor location system. Under this background, the problem of server deployment is simulated, and an evaluation model of multi server deployment under the peer network is given, and the design algorithm is designed. The effectiveness of the scheme is verified by experiments.
(4) the data distributed storage strategy of indoor positioning system is proposed. The data of the indoor positioning system are divided into two kinds: location fingerprint information and indoor map data related to the result display. This paper uses different storage strategies for the two data. In the area, the data on each server is completely different and only records the information that is responsible for the area. And for the indoor map data, the local entry, the global synchronization strategy, that is, the map entry is only carried out on the local server, and the synchronization work on the data is finished by the server automatically and synchronously finished. After all, all servers have the same indoor map data, which is very suitable for updating the map data. The validity of the synchronization strategy is verified by experiments.

【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN925.93

【参考文献】