宽带平面螺旋天线小型化研究

发布时间：2018-05-05 14:42

本文选题：CST电磁软件 + 多目标粒子群算法　；参考：《江苏科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：作为宽带天线中的一种，平面螺旋天线发展迅速，因其具有宽频带、圆极化、结构简单、低剖面、体积小、造价低等优点，已被广泛的应用于国防领域和移动通信领域。目前平面螺旋天线主要的发展趋势是宽频带，体积小，功耗低。本文就宽频带平面螺旋天线的小型化设计方法进行了讨论研究。本文的主要研究工作归纳如下： (1)提出了一种新颖的阿基米德螺旋天线小型化自动设计方法。以MATLAB软件为基础，将MOPSO算法与电磁仿真仿真软件CST结合起来实现对阿基米德螺旋天线的优化设计，使其达到了口径小型化设计的要求。仿真优化表明该方法可行，且在优化过程中无需人为干涉。与传统阿基米德螺旋天线相比，在保证阻抗特性和圆极化特性条件下，利用此方法设计的天线口径面积减小了37%，达到口径小型化设计的目的。 (2)按照项目要求完成了超宽带平面螺旋天线小型化及其馈电巴伦的设计。采用新颖的二次型平面螺旋天线为原型进行设计，，仿真结果表明设计的二次型平面螺旋天线的低端工作频率明显低于传统的阿基米德螺旋天线和等角螺旋天线，其口径尺寸仅为52mm，符合小型化设计的要求，但其轴比带宽不能满足预期指标。通过在末端螺旋臂之间加载电阻扩展了其轴比带宽。仿真结果表明加宽带巴伦后的二次型平面螺旋天线可以工作在2-18GHz的频段内，且其各项指标均已满足预期要求。 (3)研究了介质埋藏型阿基米德螺旋天线，该天线具有相对较低和平稳的输入阻抗，十分利于阻抗匹配。以介质埋藏型阿基米德螺旋天线为原始模型，对该天线进行低剖面设计。设计过程中采用新颖的带状线馈电方式，仿真结果表明该馈电方式下阿基米德螺旋天线仍具有良好阻抗特性，且天线整体的纵向尺寸仅为介质板的厚度。与传统的巴伦馈电方式相比，纵向尺寸大大减小，实现了阿基米德螺旋天线的低剖面设计（纵向尺寸小型化设计）。
[Abstract]:As a kind of broadband antenna, planar spiral antenna has been widely used in the field of national defense and mobile communication because of its advantages of wide band, circular polarization, simple structure, low profile, small volume and low cost. At present, the main development trend of planar helical antenna is wide band, small size and low power consumption. In this paper, the miniaturization design method of wide band planar helical antenna is discussed. The main research work of this paper is summarized as follows: A novel automatic miniaturization design method of Archimedes helical antenna is presented. Based on the MATLAB software, the optimization design of Archimedes spiral antenna is realized by combining the MOPSO algorithm with the electromagnetic simulation software CST, which meets the requirements of the miniaturization design of the aperture. The simulation results show that the method is feasible and does not require human interference in the optimization process. Compared with the conventional Archimedes spiral antenna, the aperture area of the antenna designed by this method is reduced by 37% under the condition of keeping the impedance and circular polarization characteristics, and the aperture miniaturization is achieved. According to the requirements of the project, the miniaturization of the UWB planar helical antenna and the design of the feed Barron are completed. A novel quadratic planar helical antenna is used as the prototype. The simulation results show that the working frequency of the designed planar helical antenna is obviously lower than that of the traditional Archimedes spiral antenna and the equiangular helical antenna. Its aperture size is only 52 mm, which meets the requirement of miniaturization design, but its axle ratio bandwidth can not meet the expected target. The shaft ratio bandwidth is expanded by loading resistance between the end spiral arms. The simulation results show that the quadratic planar helical antenna with broadband Barron can work in the frequency band of 2-18GHz, and all of its specifications have met the expected requirements. The dielectric buried Archimedes helical antenna is studied. The antenna has relatively low and stable input impedance, which is very convenient for impedance matching. The medium buried Archimedes helical antenna is used as the original model to design the low profile of the antenna. In the design process, a novel strip feed is used. The simulation results show that the Archimedes spiral antenna still has good impedance characteristics, and the whole longitudinal size of the antenna is only the thickness of the dielectric plate. Compared with the traditional Barron feed mode, the longitudinal dimension is greatly reduced, and the low profile design of the Archimedes spiral antenna is realized (the longitudinal dimension is miniaturized).
【学位授予单位】：江苏科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN823.31

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