无线传感器网络在近海环境监测中的应用研究

发布时间：2018-05-07 19:25

本文选题：近海溢油监测 + 无线传感器网络　；参考：《大连海事大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来世界各国对近海海洋资源开发增长迅猛,海洋环境污染问题得到越来越多关注,近海环境监测技术已经成为海洋生态环境研究中的热点问题。无线传感器网络技术凭借其网络结构特点,逐步成为海洋环境监测的重要技术手段之一。目前近海环境监测系统采用固定浮漂节点对指定海域进行检测,存在着监测范围小、灵活度低、无法对污染源进行跟踪等问题。本文针对以上问题,以近海早期溢油监测为主要目标,基于无线传感器网络技术,提出一种新的近海环境监测系统。该系统利用安置在固定浮漂和无人艇上的传感器节点对水中油污含量及其他参数指标进行监测,陆上控制中心上位机获取环境参数,建立溢油模型,完成指定海域的溢油监测。本文主要工作如下：首先,根据系统需求,设计了系统的整体结构,并完成了传感器选型；基于节点数据传输特点,选择ZigBee作为无线传感器网络通讯协议,通过设计Z-Stack协议栈程序,完成系统网络建立、传感器节点加入,数据传输等功能。其次,通过设计传感器节点控制程序,使节点采集无人艇和固定浮漂附近的环境信息并将其发送到无人艇上的嵌入式网关设备中。网关设备对获取的数据进行处理、显示与融合,并将数据发送给陆上控制中心上位机。最后,设计和开发系统数据控制中心软件,对接收到的环境信息进行插值处理,并根据处理结果建立水下溢油立体模型。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the development of offshore marine resources has grown rapidly in the world, and more and more attention has been paid to the pollution of marine environment. The offshore environmental monitoring technology has become a hot issue in the research of marine ecological environment. Wireless sensor network (WSN) technology has gradually become one of the important technical means of marine environmental monitoring by virtue of its network structure characteristics. At present, the fixed floating node is used in the offshore environment monitoring system to detect the designated sea area, which has some problems such as small monitoring range, low flexibility, unable to track the pollution sources and so on. Aiming at the above problems, a new offshore environment monitoring system based on wireless sensor network (WSN) is proposed. The system uses sensor nodes placed on fixed floating and unmanned boats to monitor the oil pollution content and other parameters in the water. The upper computer of the land control center acquires the environmental parameters, establishes the oil spill model, and completes the oil spill monitoring in the designated sea area. The main work of this paper is as follows: Firstly, according to the requirements of the system, the overall structure of the system is designed, and the sensor selection is completed. Based on the characteristics of node data transmission, ZigBee is selected as the wireless sensor network communication protocol, and the Z-Stack protocol stack program is designed. Complete the system network establishment, sensor node join, data transmission and other functions. Secondly, by designing the sensor node control program, the node collects the environmental information near the unmanned boat and the fixed floating drift and sends it to the embedded gateway equipment on the unmanned boat. The gateway device processes, displays and merges the acquired data, and sends the data to the upper computer of the land control center. Finally, the system data control center software is designed and developed, the received environmental information is interpolated, and the underwater oil spill stereo model is established according to the processing results.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TP212.9;TN929.5;TP274

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