基于物联网技术的智慧医院架构及服务访问研究

发布时间：2018-05-08 15:27

本文选题：物联网 + 智慧医院　；参考：《合肥工业大学》2014年博士论文

【摘要】：医院信息系统(Hospital Information System, HIS)的普及已使医院实现了一定程度的信息化,但仍存在如门诊业务流程复杂、各科室间信息共享性差、住院医生查房时无法对病人诊疗信息实时调阅和录入、采购药品的详细流通信息无法实时获取等诸多弊端。以物联网技术为基础,以各种应用服务系统为载体而构建的集诊疗、管理和决策为一体的智慧医院为上述问题提供了新的技术手段。本文以基于物联网技术的智慧医院为研究对象,对其架构和服务访问展开具体研究,对智慧医院的应用、建设与推广具有重要的参考意义。本文主要研究工作如下： (1)对物联网技术在医疗领域的应用进行了详细地分析,为后续智慧医院的相关研究奠定基础。首先从药品领域、远程监护、医疗信息化、医疗设备管理等方面讨论了物联网技术在医疗领域的应用；然后从智慧医院的概念,其与社会物联网的关系,与信息化医院、智能医院、数字医院的区别和联系等方面剖析了智慧医院的内涵,并对未来物联网在医疗行业的应用体系进行了描述和展望； (2)搭建了基于物联网技术的智慧医院架构,并给出具体应用方案,为今后智慧医院的全面实施与推广提供有意义的参考。首先在物联网已有体系架构基础上,结合医院实际特点,详细搭建了智慧医院的具体架构；然后从编制信息规范和标准、建设统一网络支撑平台和嵌入式移动电子病历应用平台等方面研究了智慧医院建设中的关键技术及内容；最后以一所三甲医院为例,从逻辑结构设计、应用框架设计和网络环境建设等方面给出了智慧医院的具体应用方案； (3)以智慧医院对采购药品的流通管理为切入点,在目前药品领域普遍采用的基于RFID (Radio Frequency Identification)的EPC (Electronic Product Code)物联网架构基础上,集成WSN (Wireless Sensor Network)技术,构建了融合RFID和WSN的药品流通物联网模型,详细分析了物联网环境下的药品流通管理,为智慧医院的应用服务提供充分的保障和支持。给出了该模型的结构及其形式化描述；构建了药品流通中状态信息和过程信息的描述模型,以及流通信息的存储模型,并通过Petri网对药品流通信息的跟踪流程进行了建模；最后设计了基于该模型的药品流通管理原型系统,在对其功能架构搭建的基础上,详细讨论了该系统中药品流通信息的采集与传输流程,说明了该模型对智慧医院采购药品流通管理的可行性和有效性； (4)提出了基于WSDL (Web Services Description Language)的物联网服务描述模型,实现了对智慧医院核心服务的完整描述。首先针对物联网服务描述的实际特点,分析了在传统网络服务描述模型WSDL基础上需扩展的内容,包括基于描述对象的扩展和基于描述内容的扩展；然后在WSDL基础上通过对物联网服务所涉及角色及其属性的描述扩展了服务描述对象,通过对物联网服务的获取方式、运行前提条件、输入和输出、所含各子过程及其总工作流程、服务支持等方面的描述扩展了服务描述内容,提出了一个基于WSDL的物联网服务描述模型,给出了该模型的扩充层次和具体结构；最后讨论了该模型的实现方法,选用OWL语言对该模型进行形式化描述,并通过该模型实现了对智慧医院核心服务——门诊服务和住院服务的详细描述； (5)构建了基于用户组和上下文的物联网RBAC (Role-Based Access Control)模型,分析物联网环境下智慧医院服务的访问控制。首先对物联网环境的上下文信息进行建模并在此基础上对上下文条件和上下文规则等相关内容进行形式化描述；然后在传统访问控制模型RBAC基础上,通过引入用户组完成角色的授权和修改,通过增加上下文规则扩展用户(组)被授予角色和角色被赋予权限时的约束条件,构建了一个基于用户组和上下文的物联网RBAC模型,详细讨论了该模型的设计思想、组成和运行机制；最后通过该模型对物联网环境下智慧医院服务的访问控制进行分析,讨论了该模型各基本要素及其相互关系应用在智慧医院服务访问控制中的具体含义,增强了智慧医院服务访问的灵活性和安全性。
[Abstract]:The popularization of Hospital Information System ( HIS ) has made the hospital a certain degree of informatization , but it still exists such as the complexity of outpatient service process , poor sharing of information among departments , and the lack of real - time access to the patient ' s diagnosis and treatment information in real time .

( 1 ) The application of Internet of Things technology in the medical field is analyzed in detail , which lays a foundation for the relevant research of the follow - up wisdom hospital . First , the application of Internet of Things technology in the medical field is discussed from the aspects of medicine field , remote monitoring , medical informatization , medical equipment management , etc .
Then it analyzes the connotation of intelligent hospital from the concept of intelligent hospital , its relation with social network of things , the difference and connection with information hospital , intelligent hospital and digital hospital , and describes and prospects the application system of Internet of Things in the medical industry .

( 2 ) Building a smart hospital architecture based on Internet of Things technology , and giving concrete application programs to provide meaningful reference for the full implementation and popularization of smart hospitals in the future . First , based on the existing system architecture of Internet of Things , and combining with the actual characteristics of the hospital , the concrete structure of the intelligent hospital is built in detail ;
Then , the key technologies and contents of smart hospital construction are studied from the aspects of compiling information specification and standard , building unified network supporting platform and embedded mobile electronic medical record application platform .
Finally , taking a Sanjia Hospital as an example , the concrete application scheme of the intelligent hospital is given from the aspects of logical structure design , application framework design and network environment construction .

( 3 ) Based on RFID ( Radio Frequency Identification ) based on RFID ( Radio Frequency Identification ) technology , integrated WSN ( Wireless Sensor Network ) technology is built on the basis of RFID ( Radio Frequency Identification ) based on RFID ( Radio Frequency Identification ) .
The paper constructs a description model of the state information and process information in the circulation of the medicine , and the storage model of the circulation information , and models the tracking flow of the drug circulation information through the Petri net ;
Finally , a prototype system for drug circulation management based on the model is designed . On the basis of its functional architecture , the collection and transmission process of drug flow information in the system is discussed in detail , and the feasibility and effectiveness of the model in the management of drug circulation in smart hospitals are described .

( 4 ) Based on WSDL ( Web Services Description Language ) , a description model of Internet of Things service is put forward , and the complete description of core service of intelligent hospital is realized . First , according to the actual characteristics of Internet service description , this paper analyzes the content needed to be expanded on the basis of the WSDL of traditional network service description model , including the extension of description object and the extension of description content based on the description object .
Then , on the basis of WSDL , the description extended the service description object through the description of the roles and attributes involved in the Internet of Things services , and expanded the service description content through the description of the acquisition mode , the operation precondition , the input and output of the Internet of Things services , the sub - processes and their overall workflow , service support and so on , and put forward a Web - based service description model based on WSDL , which gives the expansion level and concrete structure of the model ;
Finally , the realization method of the model is discussed , and the formal description of the model is made by using the language of owl , and the detailed description of the core service _ outpatient service and inpatient service of the intelligent hospital is realized through the model .

( 5 ) constructing the Role - Based Access Control ( RBAC ) model based on user group and context , and analyzing the access control of intelligent hospital service in Internet of Things environment .
Then , on the basis of traditional access control model RBAC , by introducing the user group to complete the authorization and modification of the role , a user group and context - based Internet of Things RBAC model is constructed by increasing the constraint conditions when the user ( group ) is granted permission to roles and roles , and the design idea , composition and operation mechanism of the model are discussed in detail ;
At last , the access control of intelligent hospital service in Internet of Things environment is analyzed through the model , and the specific meanings of the basic elements and their relationship in the access control of intelligent hospitals are discussed , and the flexibility and security of service access of intelligent hospitals are enhanced .

【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TP391.44;TN929.5

【参考文献】